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CWE-401 在移除最后引用时对内存的释放不恰当(内存泄露) 类漏洞列表 220

CWE-401 在移除最后引用时对内存的释放不恰当(内存泄露) 类弱点 220 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-401属于内存管理漏洞，指程序在内存使用完毕后未正确释放，导致资源无法回收。攻击者通常利用此缺陷通过反复分配内存耗尽系统资源，引发拒绝服务或导致程序崩溃。开发者应避免此类问题，需确保在内存生命周期结束时调用释放函数，并采用智能指针或自动内存管理工具，严格跟踪内存分配与释放状态，防止内存泄漏。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-401 Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime 英文：The product does not sufficiently track and release allocated memory after it has been used, making the memory unavailable for reallocation and reuse.
常见影响 (2)
AvailabilityDoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Instability, DoS: Resource Consumption (CPU), DoS: Resource Consumption (Memory)
Most memory leaks result in general product reliability problems, but if an attacker can intentionally trigger a memory leak, the attacker might be able to launch a denial of service attack (by crashing or hanging the program) or take advantage of other unexpected program behavior resulting from a l…
OtherReduce Performance
缓解措施 (3)
ImplementationChoose a language or tool that provides automatic memory management, or makes manual memory management less error-prone. For example, glibc in Linux provides protection against free of invalid pointers. When using Xcode to target OS X or iOS, enable automatic reference counting (ARC) [REF-391]. To help correctly and consistently manage memory when programming in C++, consider using a smart pointer…
Architecture and DesignUse an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Architecture and Design, Build and CompilationConsider using the Boehm-Demers-Weiser garbage collector (bdwgc), which can help avoid leaks.
Effectiveness: Moderate
代码示例 (1)
The following C function leaks a block of allocated memory if the call to read() does not return the expected number of bytes:
char* getBlock(int fd) { char* buf = (char*) malloc(BLOCK_SIZE); if (!buf) { return NULL; } if (read(fd, buf, BLOCK_SIZE) != BLOCK_SIZE) { return NULL; } return buf; }
Bad · C
CVE ID标题CVSS风险等级Published
CVE-2020-25689 Red Hat Wildfly 资源管理错误漏洞 — wildfly-core 5.3 Medium2020-10-30
CVE-2020-1683 Juniper Networks Junos OS 安全漏洞 — Junos OS 7.5 High2020-10-16
CVE-2020-11637 B&R Automation Runtime 安全漏洞 — Automation Runtime 5.8 Medium2020-10-15
CVE-2020-25644 OpenSSL 资源管理错误漏洞 — wildfly-openssl 7.5 -2020-10-06
CVE-2020-8916 Openthread wpantund 安全漏洞 — wpantund 5.0 Medium2020-07-07
CVE-2019-14818 DPDK 安全漏洞 — dpdk 7.5 -2019-11-14
CVE-2019-5023 PaX和grsecurity 安全漏洞 — PaX 9.1 -2019-10-31
CVE-2019-3815 Red Hat Enterprise Linux资源管理错误漏洞 — systemd 3.3 -2019-01-28
CVE-2017-7654 Eclipse Mosquitto 安全漏洞 — Eclipse Mosquitto 7.5 -2018-06-05
CVE-2017-15094 PowerDNS Recursor 安全漏洞 — PowerDNS Recursor 5.9 -2018-01-23

CWE-401（在移除最后引用时对内存的释放不恰当(内存泄露)） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 220 条 CVE 漏洞。