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CWE-457 使用未经初始化的变量 类漏洞列表 213

CWE-457 使用未经初始化的变量 类弱点 213 条 CVE 漏洞汇总,含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-457 属于使用未初始化变量的漏洞。在 C/C++ 等语言中,栈变量默认未初始化,可能包含内存残留的垃圾数据。攻击者可通过读取或控制这些内容,导致程序行为不可预测,进而引发信息泄露或逻辑错误。开发者应确保所有变量在使用前显式初始化,并启用编译器警告以检测潜在风险,从而消除不确定性带来的安全隐患。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE:CWE-457 使用未初始化的变量(Use of Uninitialized Variable) 英文:代码使用了未初始化的变量,导致不可预测或非预期的结果。 在某些语言(如 C 和 C++)中,栈变量(stack variables)默认不会进行初始化。它们通常包含垃圾数据(junk data),即函数被调用前栈内存(stack memory)的内容。攻击者有时可以控制或读取这些内容。在其他语言或条件下,未显式初始化的变量可能会被赋予具有安全影响的默认值,这取决于程序的逻辑。未初始化变量的存在有时可能表明代码中存在拼写错误。
常见影响 (2)
Availability, Integrity, Other Other
Initial variables usually contain junk, which can not be trusted for consistency. This can lead to denial of service conditions, or modify control flow in unexpected ways. In some cases, an attacker can "pre-initialize" the variable using previous actions, which might enable code execution. This can…
Authorization, Other Other
Strings that are not initialized are especially dangerous, since many functions expect a null at the end -- and only at the end -- of a string.
缓解措施 (5)
Implementation Ensure that critical variables are initialized before first use [REF-1485].
Build and Compilation Most compilers will complain about the use of uninitialized variables if warnings are turned on.
Implementation, Operation When using a language that does not require explicit declaration of variables, run or compile the software in a mode that reports undeclared or unknown variables. This may indicate the presence of a typographic error in the variable's name.
Requirements Choose a language that is not susceptible to these issues.
Architecture and Design Mitigating technologies such as safe string libraries and container abstractions could be introduced.
代码示例 (2)
This code prints a greeting using information stored in a POST request:
if (isset($_POST['names'])) { $nameArray = $_POST['names']; } echo "Hello " . $nameArray['first'];
Bad · PHP
The following switch statement is intended to set the values of the variables aN and bN before they are used:
int aN, Bn; switch (ctl) { case -1: aN = 0; bN = 0; break; case 0: aN = i; bN = -i; break; case 1: aN = i + NEXT_SZ; bN = i - NEXT_SZ; break; default: aN = -1; aN = -1; break; } repaint(aN, bN);
Bad · C
CVE ID 标题 CVSS 风险等级 Published
CVE-2026-17667 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-30
CVE-2026-55990 NLnet Labs Unbound 异常处理不当漏洞 — Unbound 5.9 Medium 2026-07-22
CVE-2026-16417 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-21
CVE-2026-15770 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-14
CVE-2026-15766 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-14
CVE-2026-15109 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-08
CVE-2026-15132 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-08
CVE-2026-15168 Wireshark 异常处理不当漏洞 — Wireshark 2.5 Low 2026-07-08
CVE-2026-14405 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-01
CVE-2026-14399 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-01
CVE-2026-14408 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-01
CVE-2026-14421 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-01
CVE-2026-14413 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-01
CVE-2026-14402 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-01
CVE-2026-14418 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-07-01
CVE-2026-14125 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-14088 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-14070 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-14051 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-14010 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-14008 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-13971 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-13969 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-13970 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-13958 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-13950 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-13947 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-13943 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-13940 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30
CVE-2026-13923 Google Chrome 异常处理不当漏洞 — Chrome - - 2026-06-30

CWE-457(使用未经初始化的变量) 是常见的弱点类别,本平台收录该类弱点关联的 213 条 CVE 漏洞。