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CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类漏洞列表 1471

CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类弱点 1471 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-77即命令注入，属于输入验证缺陷。攻击者通过构造包含特殊字符的恶意输入，篡改后端系统命令，从而执行任意指令或获取敏感数据。开发者应避免直接拼接用户输入，需采用白名单过滤、参数化调用或安全API替代系统命令执行，确保输入被严格限制在预期范围内，从源头阻断注入风险。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-77 命令注入（Command Injection）中特殊元素的不当中和 英文：产品使用来自上游组件的外部影响输入来构造命令的全部或部分内容，但在将命令发送给下游组件时，未对可能修改预期命令的特殊元素进行中和，或中和不当。 许多协议和产品拥有其自定义的命令语言。尽管操作系统（OS）或 Shell 命令字符串常被发现并作为攻击目标，但开发人员可能未意识到这些其他命令语言也可能易受攻击。
常见影响 (1)
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
If a malicious user injects a character (such as a semi-colon) that delimits the end of one command and the beginning of another, it may be possible to then insert an entirely new and unrelated command that was not intended to be executed. This gives an attacker a privilege or capability that they w…
缓解措施 (5)
Architecture and Design If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Implementation If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Operation Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
System Configuration Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
代码示例 (2)
Consider a "CWE Differentiator" application that uses an an LLM generative AI based "chatbot" to explain the difference between two weaknesses. As input, it accepts two CWE IDs, constructs a prompt string, sends the prompt to the chatbot, and prints the results. The prompt string effectively acts as a command to the chatbot component. Assume that invokeChatbot() calls the chatbot and returns the …
prompt = "Explain the difference between {} and {}".format(arg1, arg2) result = invokeChatbot(prompt) resultHTML = encodeForHTML(result) print resultHTML
Bad · Python
Explain the difference between CWE-77 and CWE-78
Informative
Consider the following program. It intends to perform an "ls -l" on an input filename. The validate_name() subroutine performs validation on the input to make sure that only alphanumeric and "-" characters are allowed, which avoids path traversal (CWE-22) and OS command injection (CWE-78) weaknesses. Only filenames like "abc" or "d-e-f" are intended to be allowed.
my $arg = GetArgument("filename"); do_listing($arg); sub do_listing { my($fname) = @_; if (! validate_name($fname)) { print "Error: name is not well-formed!\n"; return; } # build command my $cmd = "/bin/ls -l $fname"; system($cmd); } sub validate_name { my($name) = @_; if ($name =~ /^[\w\-]+$/) { return(1); } else { return(0); } }
Bad · Perl
if ($name =~ /^\w[\w\-]+$/) ...
Good · Perl
CVE ID 标题 CVSS 风险等级 Published
CVE-2026-47690 MeltanoHub 代码注入漏洞 — hub 7.5 High 2026-07-21
CVE-2026-16448 D-Link DNS-120 输入验证错误漏洞 — DNS-120 6.3 Medium 2026-07-21
CVE-2026-16133 Ceylan MiniCode 命令注入漏洞 — MiniCode 5.0 Medium 2026-07-18
CVE-2025-71392 SurrealDB 命令注入漏洞 — surrealdb 9.4 Critical 2026-07-18
CVE-2026-46709 Eugeny tabby 命令注入漏洞 — tabby 7.8 High 2026-07-15
CVE-2026-56197 Microsoft Windows Admin Center 命令注入漏洞 — Windows Admin Center 8.8 High 2026-07-14
CVE-2026-55145 Microsoft Copilot 命令注入漏洞 — Microsoft Copilot 6.3 Medium 2026-07-14
CVE-2026-50488 Microsoft Windows Clipboard User Service 命令注入漏洞 — Windows 11 Version 24H2 7.8 High 2026-07-14
CVE-2026-58635 Microsoft Windows Narrator Braille 命令注入漏洞 — Windows 10 Version 1809 7.8 High 2026-07-14
CVE-2026-50520 Microsoft Visual Studio Code 命令注入漏洞 — Visual Studio Code 8.4 High 2026-07-14
CVE-2026-48561 Microsoft Copilot 命令注入漏洞 — Microsoft Edge Copilot for Android 9.6 Critical 2026-07-14
CVE-2026-22103 EVbee DC-80 命令注入漏洞 — DC-80 - - 2026-07-13
CVE-2026-22095 EVbee DC-80 命令注入漏洞 — DC-80 - - 2026-07-13
CVE-2026-15481 TRENDnet TEW-635BRM 输入验证错误漏洞 — TEW-635BRM 8.8 High 2026-07-12
CVE-2025-6784 WordPress Code Engine 命令注入漏洞 — Code Engine – PHP Snippets, AI Functions & Automation for WordPress 8.8 High 2026-07-11
CVE-2026-59721 Hoppscotch 命令注入漏洞 — hoppscotch 7.2 High 2026-07-09
CVE-2026-15035 BentoML OpenLLM 输入验证错误漏洞 — OpenLLM 5.3 Medium 2026-07-08
CVE-2026-9834 WordPress WP Database Backup 命令注入漏洞 — WP Database Backup – Unlimited Database & Files Backup by Backup for WP 7.2 High 2026-07-02
CVE-2026-13538 wavlink wl-nu516u1-a 输入验证错误漏洞 — WL-NU516U1-A 6.3 Medium 2026-06-29
CVE-2026-13501 ANTLR 输入验证错误漏洞 — ANTLR4 5.3 Medium 2026-06-28
CVE-2026-54090 File Browser 输入验证错误漏洞 — filebrowser - - 2026-06-25
CVE-2026-57453 Vim 命令注入漏洞 — vim 6.5 Medium 2026-06-25
CVE-2026-52806 Gogs 命令注入漏洞 — gogs 9.9 Critical 2026-06-24
CVE-2026-47242 Ruby net-imap 命令注入漏洞 — net-imap - - 2026-06-22
CVE-2026-47240 Ruby net-imap 命令注入漏洞 — net-imap - - 2026-06-22
CVE-2026-12810 edimax br-6478ac v2 输入验证错误漏洞 — BR-6478AC V2 6.3 Medium 2026-06-21
CVE-2026-12809 edimax br-6478ac v2 输入验证错误漏洞 — BR-6478AC V2 6.3 Medium 2026-06-21
CVE-2026-12808 Edimax br-6478ac v2 输入验证错误漏洞 — BR-6478AC V2 6.3 Medium 2026-06-21
CVE-2026-12807 edimax br-6478ac v2 输入验证错误漏洞 — BR-6478AC V2 6.3 Medium 2026-06-21
CVE-2026-42895 Microsoft 365 Copilot 命令注入漏洞 — Microsoft 365 Copilot 6.5 Medium 2026-06-19

CWE-77（在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入)） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1471 条 CVE 漏洞。