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CVE-2024-36401— Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in evaluating property name expressions in Geoserver

Quick assessment

Affected
geoserver geoserver
Exploitation
Confirmed exploitation in the wild; remediate immediately
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

GeoServer是一个用 Java 编写的开源软件服务器。允许用户共享和编辑地理空间数据。 GeoServer 存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于不安全地将属性名称解析为 XPath 表达式，可能导致远程代码执行。

CVSS 9.8 · Critical KEV EPSS 99.81% · P100
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2024-36401

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in evaluating property name expressions in Geoserver
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
GeoServer is an open source server that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. Prior to versions 2.22.6, 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2, multiple OGC request parameters allow Remote Code Execution (RCE) by unauthenticated users through specially crafted input against a default GeoServer installation due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions. The GeoTools library API that GeoServer calls evaluates property/attribute names for feature types in a way that unsafely passes them to the commons-jxpath library which can execute arbitrary code when evaluating XPath expressions. This XPath evaluation is intended to be used only by complex feature types (i.e., Application Schema data stores) but is incorrectly being applied to simple feature types as well which makes this vulnerability apply to **ALL** GeoServer instances. No public PoC is provided but this vulnerability has been confirmed to be exploitable through WFS GetFeature, WFS GetPropertyValue, WMS GetMap, WMS GetFeatureInfo, WMS GetLegendGraphic and WPS Execute requests. This vulnerability can lead to executing arbitrary code. Versions 2.22.6, 2.23.6, 2.24.4, and 2.25.2 contain a patch for the issue. A workaround exists by removing the `gt-complex-x.y.jar` file from the GeoServer where `x.y` is the GeoTools version (e.g., `gt-complex-31.1.jar` if running GeoServer 2.25.1). This will remove the vulnerable code from GeoServer but may break some GeoServer functionality or prevent GeoServer from deploying if the gt-complex module is needed.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
动态执行代码中指令转义处理不恰当(Eval注入)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
GeoServer 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
GeoServer是一个用 Java 编写的开源软件服务器。允许用户共享和编辑地理空间数据。 GeoServer 存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于不安全地将属性名称解析为 XPath 表达式，可能导致远程代码执行。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

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Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
geoserver geoserver >= 2.23.0, < 2.23.6 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2024-36401

# POC Description Source Link Shenlong Link
1 POC for CVE-2024-36401. This POC will attempt to establish a reverse shell from the vlun targets. https://github.com/bigb0x/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
2 POC https://github.com/Niuwoo/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
3 Exploiter a Vulnerability detection and Exploitation tool for GeoServer Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution CVE-2024-36401. https://github.com/RevoltSecurities/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
4 Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability In Evaluating Property Name Expressions with multies ways to exploit https://github.com/Mr-xn/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
5 None https://github.com/zgimszhd61/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
6 None https://github.com/jakabakos/CVE-2024-36401-GeoServer-RCE POC Details
7 geoserver CVE-2024-36401漏洞利用工具 https://github.com/MInggongK/geoserver- POC Details
8 geoserver CVE-2024-36401漏洞利用工具 https://github.com/ahisec/geoserver- POC Details
9 GeoServer Remote Code Execution https://github.com/Chocapikk/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
10 None https://github.com/yisas93/CVE-2024-36401-PoC POC Details
11 Mass scanner for CVE-2024-36401 https://github.com/justin-p/geoexplorer POC Details
12 Proof-of-Concept Exploit for CVE-2024-36401 GeoServer 2.25.1 https://github.com/daniellowrie/CVE-2024-36401-PoC POC Details
13 GeoServer CVE-2024-36401: Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability In Evaluating Property Name Expressions https://github.com/PunitTailor55/GeoServer-CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
14 geoserver图形化漏洞利用工具 https://github.com/netuseradministrator/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
15 None https://github.com/kkhackz0013/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
16 CVE-2024-36401-GeoServer Property 表达式注入 Rce woodpecker-framework 插件 https://github.com/thestar0/CVE-2024-36401-WoodpeckerPlugin POC Details
17 CVE-2024-36401是GeoServer中的一个高危远程代码执行漏洞。GeoServer是一款开源的地理数据服务器软件，主要用于发布、共享和处理各种地理空间数据。 ALIYUN 漏洞原理： 该漏洞源于GeoServer在处理属性名称时，将其不安全地解析为XPath表达式。具体而言，GeoServer调用的GeoTools库API在评估要素类型的属性名称时，以不安全的方式将其传递给commons-jxpath库。由于commons-jxpath库在解析XPath表达式时允许执行任意代码，攻击者可以通过构造特定的输入，利用多个OGC请求参数（如WFS GetFeature、WFS GetPropertyValue、WMS GetMap等），在未经身份验证的情况下远程执行任意代码。 https://github.com/XiaomingX/cve-2024-36401-poc POC Details
18 CVE-2024-36401 GeoServer Remote Code Execution https://github.com/0x0d3ad/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
19 GeoServer CVE-2024-36401: Remote Code Execution (RCE) Vulnerability In Evaluating Property Name Expressions https://github.com/punitdarji/GeoServer-CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
20 GeoServer（CVE-2024-36401/CVE-2024-36404）漏洞利用工具 https://github.com/whitebear-ch/GeoServerExploit POC Details
21 geoserver图形化漏洞利用工具 https://github.com/wellwornele/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
22 geoserver图形化漏洞利用工具 https://github.com/unlinedvol/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
23 geoserver图形化漏洞利用工具 https://github.com/wingedmicroph/CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
24 CVE-2024-36401 图形化利用工具，支持各个JDK版本利用以及回显、内存马实现 https://github.com/bmth666/GeoServer-Tools-CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
25 In the GeoServer version prior to 2.25.1, 2.24.3 and 2.23.5 of GeoServer, multiple OGC request parameters allow Remote Code Execution (RCE) by unauthenticated users through specially crafted input against a default GeoServer installation due to unsafely evaluating property names as XPath expressions. https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2024/CVE-2024-36401.yaml POC Details
26 None https://github.com/Threekiii/Awesome-POC/blob/master/%E4%B8%AD%E9%97%B4%E4%BB%B6%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E/GeoServer%20%E5%B1%9E%E6%80%A7%E5%90%8D%E8%A1%A8%E8%BE%BE%E5%BC%8F%E5%89%8D%E5%8F%B0%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%BC%8F%E6%B4%9E%20CVE-2024-36401.md POC Details
27 https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub/blob/master/geoserver/CVE-2024-36401/README.md POC Details
28 None https://github.com/y1s4s/CVE-2024-36401-PoC POC Details
29 本脚本是针对 GeoServer 的远程代码执行漏洞（CVE-2024-36401）开发的 PoC（Proof of Concept）探测工具。该漏洞允许攻击者通过构造特定请求，在目标服务器上执行任意命令。 https://github.com/amoy6228/CVE-2024-36401_Geoserver_RCE_POC POC Details
30 Python exploit for GeoServer (CVE-2024-36401) with JSP web shell upload https://github.com/holokitty/Exploit-CVE-2024-36401 POC Details
AI-Generated POC Verified env Premium
Reproduced successfully in a real sandbox · Below is the actual recording of building the environment and exploiting the vulnerability.
Success marker: VULNERABLE: RCE confirmed - proof token PROOF_b39b4f8a10faa695 exfiltrated through the JXPath expression response of /vulnerable-example
Reproduction recording is a Pro+ exclusive
Watch the full sandbox build + live exploit recording for this CVE. Limited-time ¥499/mo.
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claude_code · 6978 chars
GitHub 复现环境（可 clone 直接跑）
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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2024-36401

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2024-36401 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2024-36401 (2)

Other References for CVE-2024-36401 (2)

Same Patch Batch · geoserver · 2024-07-01 · 3 CVEs total

CVE-2024-24749 7.5 HIGH Classpath resource disclosure in GWC Web Resource API on Windows / Tomcat
CVE-2024-34696 4.5 MEDIUM GeoServer's Server Status shows sensitive environmental variables and Java properties

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: geoserver
Same vendor: geoserver
Same weakness: CWE-95

V. Comments for CVE-2024-36401

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