HTSlib CRAM reader has heap buffer overflow due to improper validation of input

HTSlib is a library for reading and writing bioinformatics file formats. CRAM is a compressed format which stores DNA sequence alignment data. While most alignment records store DNA sequence and quality values, the format also allows them to omit this data in certain cases to save space. Due to some quirks of the CRAM format, it is necessary to handle these records carefully as they will actually store data that needs to be consumed and then discarded. Unfortunately the `cram_decode_seq()` did not handle this correctly in some cases. Where this happened it could result in reading a single byte from beyond the end of a heap allocation, followed by writing a single attacker-controlled byte to the same location. Exploiting this bug causes a heap buffer overflow. If a user opens a file crafted to exploit this issue, it could lead to the program crashing, or overwriting of data and heap structures in ways not expected by the program. It may be possible to use this to obtain arbitrary code execution. Versions 1.23.1, 1.22.2 and 1.21.1 include fixes for this issue. There is no workaround for this issue.

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堆缓冲区溢出

HTSlib 缓冲区错误漏洞

HTSlib是samtools开源的一个C语言的库文件。 HTSlib 1.23.1之前版本、1.22.2之前版本和1.21.1之前版本存在缓冲区错误漏洞，该漏洞源于cram_decode_seq函数处理不当，可能导致堆缓冲区溢出。

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