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CVE-2026-42290— protobufjs-cli: OS Command Injection

Quick assessment

Affected
protobufjs protobuf.js
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

protobuf.js是The protobuf.js Project开源的一个纯 JavaScript 实现，具有对node.js和浏览器的TypeScript支持的协议缓冲区实现。它易于使用，速度极快，并且通过.proto文件可以开箱即用！ protobuf.js 1.2.1之前版本和2.0.2之前版本存在操作系统命令注入漏洞，该漏洞源于pbts通过构建shell命令字符串执行JSDoc，文件路径中的shell元字符可能被shell解释。

CVSS 7.8 · High EPSS 0.19% · P8

Affected Version Matrix 2

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
protobufjs protobuf.js >= 2.0.0, < 2.0.2 affected
< 1.2.1 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2026-42290

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
protobufjs-cli: OS Command Injection
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
protobufjs-cli is the command line add-on for protobuf.js. Prior to 1.2.1 and 2.0.2, pbts invoked JSDoc by building a shell command string from input file paths and executing it through child_process.exec. File paths containing shell metacharacters could therefore be interpreted by the shell instead of being passed to JSDoc as plain arguments. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.2.1 and 2.0.2.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
OS命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(OS命令注入)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
protobuf.js 操作系统命令注入漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
protobuf.js是The protobuf.js Project开源的一个纯 JavaScript 实现，具有对node.js和浏览器的TypeScript支持的协议缓冲区实现。它易于使用，速度极快，并且通过.proto文件可以开箱即用！ protobuf.js 1.2.1之前版本和2.0.2之前版本存在操作系统命令注入漏洞，该漏洞源于pbts通过构建shell命令字符串执行JSDoc，文件路径中的shell元字符可能被shell解释。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
protobufjs protobuf.js >= 2.0.0, < 2.0.2 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2026-42290

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2026-42290

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2026-42290 (1)

Same Patch Batch · protobufjs · 2026-05-13 · 10 CVEs total

CVE-2026-44295 8.7 HIGH protobufjs-cli: Code injection in pbjs static output from crafted schema names
CVE-2026-44291 8.1 HIGH protobufjs: Code generation gadget after prototype pollution
CVE-2026-44293 7.7 HIGH protobufjs: Code injection through bytes field defaults in generated toObject code
CVE-2026-44289 7.5 HIGH protobufjs: Denial of service through unbounded protobuf recursion
CVE-2026-44290 7.5 HIGH protobufjs: Process-wide denial of service through unsafe option paths
CVE-2026-45740 5.3 MEDIUM protobufjs: Denial of Service via unbounded recursive JSON descriptor expansion
CVE-2026-44288 5.3 MEDIUM protobufjs: Overlong UTF-8 decoding
CVE-2026-44294 5.3 MEDIUM protobufjs: Denial of service from crafted field names in generated code
CVE-2026-44292 5.3 MEDIUM protobufjs: Prototype injection in generated message constructors

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: protobuf.js
Same vendor: protobufjs
Same weakness: CWE-78

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