CVE-2025-15194 — AI Deep Analysis Summary

Q: What is this vulnerability? (Essence + Consequences)

🚨 **Essence**: A stack-based buffer overflow in `hedwig.cgi` (HTTP Header Handler). 💥 **Consequences**: Attackers can execute arbitrary code, leading to full device compromise, data theft, or network disruption.

Q: Root Cause? (CWE/Flaw)

🛡️ **Root Cause**: CWE-121 (Stack-based Buffer Overflow). 🐛 **Flaw**: Improper handling of the `Cookie` parameter in the HTTP header, causing memory corruption.

Q: Who is affected? (Versions/Components)

📦 **Affected**: D-Link DIR-600 routers. 📅 **Versions**: Firmware 2.15WWb02 and earlier. ⚠️ **Component**: Specifically the `hedwig.cgi` script.

Q: What can hackers do? (Privileges/Data)

🔓 **Privileges**: Likely Root/System level due to CGI execution. 🕵️ **Data**: Full access to router config, network traffic, and potentially LAN devices. 💣 **Impact**: High (CVSS 9.8).

Q: Is exploitation threshold high? (Auth/Config)

🚪 **Threshold**: LOW. 🌐 **Auth**: None required (PR:N). 📡 **Access**: Network remote (AV:N). 🎯 **Complexity**: Low (AC:L). Easy to exploit remotely.

Q: Is there a public Exp? (PoC/Wild Exploitation)

📜 **Public Exp**: Yes. 🔗 **Sources**: GitHub PoCs available (e.g., LonTan0/CVE). 📢 **VDB**: Detailed technical descriptions and indicators exist in VDB-338581.

Q: How to self-check? (Features/Scanning)

🔍 **Check**: Scan for D-Link DIR-600 devices. 📡 **Probe**: Send malformed `Cookie` headers to `hedwig.cgi`. 🛠️ **Tools**: Use existing PoC scripts or VulDB signatures to detect the overflow attempt.

Q: Is it fixed officially? (Patch/Mitigation)

🔧 **Fix**: Update firmware to version > 2.15WWb02. 📥 **Action**: Check D-Link official support page for the latest patch for DIR-600. 🔄 **Verify**: Confirm version after update.

Q: What if no patch? (Workaround)

🚧 **Workaround**: Block external access to the router's web interface. 🛑 **Filter**: Use firewall rules to restrict access to `hedwig.cgi` or the entire HTTP service from untrusted networks.

Q: Is it urgent? (Priority Suggestion)

🔥 **Urgency**: CRITICAL. 🚨 **Priority**: Patch immediately. ⚡ **Reason**: Remote, unauthenticated, low-complexity exploit with high impact. No patch? Isolate device ASAP.

Updated May 06, 2026 CVSS 9.8 · Critical

This is a summary of the AI-generated 10-question deep analysis. The full version (longer answers, follow-up Q&A, related CVEs) requires login. Read the full analysis →

Q1What is this vulnerability? (Essence + Consequences)

🚨 **Essence**: A stack-based buffer overflow in `hedwig.cgi` (HTTP Header Handler). 💥 **Consequences**: Attackers can execute arbitrary code, leading to full device compromise, data theft, or network disruption.

Q2Root Cause? (CWE/Flaw)

🛡️ **Root Cause**: CWE-121 (Stack-based Buffer Overflow). 🐛 **Flaw**: Improper handling of the `Cookie` parameter in the HTTP header, causing memory corruption.

Q3Who is affected? (Versions/Components)

📦 **Affected**: D-Link DIR-600 routers. 📅 **Versions**: Firmware 2.15WWb02 and earlier. ⚠️ **Component**: Specifically the `hedwig.cgi` script.

Q4What can hackers do? (Privileges/Data)

🔓 **Privileges**: Likely Root/System level due to CGI execution. 🕵️ **Data**: Full access to router config, network traffic, and potentially LAN devices. 💣 **Impact**: High (CVSS 9.8).

Q5Is exploitation threshold high? (Auth/Config)

🚪 **Threshold**: LOW. 🌐 **Auth**: None required (PR:N). 📡 **Access**: Network remote (AV:N). 🎯 **Complexity**: Low (AC:L). Easy to exploit remotely.

Q6Is there a public Exp? (PoC/Wild Exploitation)

📜 **Public Exp**: Yes. 🔗 **Sources**: GitHub PoCs available (e.g., LonTan0/CVE). 📢 **VDB**: Detailed technical descriptions and indicators exist in VDB-338581.

Q7How to self-check? (Features/Scanning)

🔍 **Check**: Scan for D-Link DIR-600 devices. 📡 **Probe**: Send malformed `Cookie` headers to `hedwig.cgi`. 🛠️ **Tools**: Use existing PoC scripts or VulDB signatures to detect the overflow attempt.

Q8Is it fixed officially? (Patch/Mitigation)

🔧 **Fix**: Update firmware to version > 2.15WWb02. 📥 **Action**: Check D-Link official support page for the latest patch for DIR-600. 🔄 **Verify**: Confirm version after update.

Q9What if no patch? (Workaround)

🚧 **Workaround**: Block external access to the router's web interface. 🛑 **Filter**: Use firewall rules to restrict access to `hedwig.cgi` or the entire HTTP service from untrusted networks.

Q10Is it urgent? (Priority Suggestion)

🔥 **Urgency**: CRITICAL. 🚨 **Priority**: Patch immediately. ⚡ **Reason**: Remote, unauthenticated, low-complexity exploit with high impact. No patch? Isolate device ASAP.

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Vulnerability detail Full AI analysis (login) D-Link CWE-121