CWE-119 (内存缓冲区边界内操作的限制不恰当) — Vulnerability Class 1131

1131 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-119 (内存缓冲区边界内操作的限制不恰当). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-119 represents a critical memory safety weakness where software performs read or write operations beyond the intended boundaries of a memory buffer. This flaw typically arises from insufficient validation of input lengths or loop counters, allowing attackers to manipulate program execution flow. By crafting malicious inputs that exceed buffer limits, adversaries can overwrite adjacent memory, corrupt data structures, or inject executable code, often leading to remote code execution or system crashes. Developers mitigate this risk by implementing rigorous bounds checking before any memory access, utilizing safe string handling functions that enforce length limits, and adopting modern programming languages with automatic memory management. Additionally, employing static analysis tools and fuzzing techniques during development helps identify out-of-bounds accesses early, ensuring that all buffer operations remain strictly within allocated memory regions to prevent exploitation.

MITRE CWE Description

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.

Common Consequences (3)

Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands, Modify Memory

If the memory accessible by the attacker can be effectively controlled, it may be possible to execute arbitrary code, as with a standard buffer overflow. If the attacker can overwrite a pointer's worth of memory (usually 32 or 64 bits), they can alter the intended control flow by redirecting a funct…

Availability, Confidentiality Read Memory, DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Resource Consumption (CPU), DoS: Resource Consumption (Memory)

Out of bounds memory access will very likely result in the corruption of relevant memory, and perhaps instructions, possibly leading to a crash. Other attacks leading to lack of availability are possible, including putting the program into an infinite loop.

Confidentiality Read Memory

In the case of an out-of-bounds read, the attacker may have access to sensitive information. If the sensitive information contains system details, such as the current buffer's position in memory, this knowledge can be used to craft further attacks, possibly with more severe consequences.

Mitigations (5)

Requirements Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer. Be wary that a lan…

Architecture and Design Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.

Operation, Build and Compilation Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking. D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses…

Effectiveness: Defense in Depth

Implementation Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory: Double check that the buffer is as large as specified. When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string. Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a…

Operation, Build and Compilation Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code. Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported…

Effectiveness: Defense in Depth

Examples (2)

This example takes an IP address from a user, verifies that it is well formed and then looks up the hostname and copies it into a buffer.

void host_lookup(char *user_supplied_addr){ struct hostent *hp; in_addr_t *addr; char hostname[64]; in_addr_t inet_addr(const char *cp); /*routine that ensures user_supplied_addr is in the right format for conversion */ validate_addr_form(user_supplied_addr); addr = inet_addr(user_supplied_addr); hp = gethostbyaddr( addr, sizeof(struct in_addr), AF_INET); strcpy(hostname, hp->h_name); }

Bad · C

This example applies an encoding procedure to an input string and stores it into a buffer.

char * copy_input(char *user_supplied_string){ int i, dst_index; char *dst_buf = (char*)malloc(4*sizeof(char) * MAX_SIZE); if ( MAX_SIZE <= strlen(user_supplied_string) ){ die("user string too long, die evil hacker!"); } dst_index = 0; for ( i = 0; i < strlen(user_supplied_string); i++ ){ if( '&' == user_supplied_string[i] ){ dst_buf[dst_index++] = '&'; dst_buf[dst_index++] = 'a'; dst_buf[dst_index++] = 'm'; dst_buf[dst_index++] = 'p'; dst_buf[dst_index++] = ';'; } else if ('<' == user_supplied_string[i] ){ /* encode to &lt; */ } else dst_buf[dst_index++] = user_supplied_string[i]; } return ds

Bad · C

CVE ID	Title	CVSS	Severity	Published
CVE-2026-9301	omec-project amf NGReset Message memory corruption — amf	6.3	Medium	2026-05-23
CVE-2026-9300	omec-project amf NGSetupRequest memory corruption — amf	6.3	Medium	2026-05-23
CVE-2026-9299	omec-project amf handler.go PDUSessionResourceModifyIndication memory corruption — amf	6.3	Medium	2026-05-23
CVE-2026-9298	omec-project amf PathSwitchRequest memory corruption — amf	6.3	Medium	2026-05-23
CVE-2026-8780	omec-project amf NGAP Message dispatcher.go memory corruption — amf	4.3	Medium	2026-05-18
CVE-2026-8779	omec-project amf handler.go NGSetupRequest memory corruption — amf	4.3	Medium	2026-05-18
CVE-2023-31317	AMD Graphics Driver 缓冲区错误漏洞 — AMD Radeon™ RX 6000 Series Graphics Products	-	-	2026-05-15
CVE-2025-62623	VMware ESXi 缓冲区错误漏洞 — ESXi 8.x and ESXi 9.x hosts using AMD-Pensando DPU products	-	-	2026-05-13
CVE-2026-8349	omec-project amf NGAP Message memory corruption — amf	4.3	Medium	2026-05-11
CVE-2026-22167	GPU DDK - Cache resident PM buffers writable by other GPU requestors, leading to arbitrary write to physical memory — Graphics DDK	7.8	-	2026-05-01
CVE-2026-27890	Firebird has Pre-Auth DOS when Processing Out of Order CNCT_specific_data Segments — firebird	8.2	High	2026-04-17
CVE-2026-34864	Huawei HarmonyOS 安全漏洞 — HarmonyOS	6.8	Medium	2026-04-13
CVE-2026-4149	Sonos Era 300 SMB Response Out-Of-Bounds Access Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — Era 300	9.8	-	2026-04-11
CVE-2026-34988	Wasmtime leaks data between pooling allocator instances — wasmtime	7.5^AI	High ^AI	2026-04-09
CVE-2026-39892	cryptography has a buffer overflow if non-contiguous buffers were passed to APIs — cryptography	6.9	Medium	2026-04-08
CVE-2026-39863	Kamailio Core: TCP Data Processing Vulnerability — kamailio	7.5	High	2026-04-08
CVE-2026-5475	NASA cFS CCSDS Header Size cfe_sb_priv.c CFE_SB_TransmitMsg memory corruption — cFS	5.5	Medium	2026-04-03
CVE-2026-34159	llama.cpp: Unauthenticated RCE via GRAPH_COMPUTE buffer=0 bypass in llama.cpp RPC backend — llama.cpp	9.8	Critical	2026-04-01
CVE-2026-33847	Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer in linkingvision rapidvms — rapidvms	7.8	High	2026-03-24
CVE-2026-33849	Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer in linkingvision rapidvms — rapidvms	8.8	High	2026-03-24
CVE-2026-33848	Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer in linkingvision rapidvms — rapidvms	8.8	High	2026-03-24
CVE-2026-33851	Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer in joncampbell123 doslib — doslib	7.8	High	2026-03-24
CVE-2026-4738	GDAL Bundled zlib (inftree9.c) Pointer Offset Optimization Undefined Behavior Allows Heap Corruption or Remote Code Execution — gdal	9.8	-	2026-03-24
CVE-2026-4734	Heap Buffer Overflow in yoyofr/modizer — modizer	8.8	-	2026-03-24
CVE-2026-4010	ThakeeNathees pocketlang pkByteBufferAddString memory corruption — pocketlang	3.3	Low	2026-03-12
CVE-2026-30883	ImageMagick has a Heap Overflow when writing extremely large image profile in the PNG encoder — ImageMagick	5.7	Medium	2026-03-09
CVE-2026-20024	Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance和Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense 缓冲区错误漏洞 — Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software	6.8	Medium	2026-03-04
CVE-2026-3437	Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer in Portwell Engineering Toolkits — Portwell Engineering Toolkits	8.8	High	2026-03-03
CVE-2026-3394	jarikomppa soloud WAV File soloud_wav.cpp loadwav memory corruption — soloud	3.3	Low	2026-03-01
CVE-2026-3382	ChaiScript boxed_number.hpp get_as memory corruption — ChaiScript	3.3	Low	2026-03-01

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Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-119 (内存缓冲区边界内操作的限制不恰当) represent 1131 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.