CWE-190 (整数溢出或超界折返) — Vulnerability Class 1195

1195 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-190 (整数溢出或超界折返). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-190 represents a critical logic flaw where arithmetic operations exceed the maximum capacity of the assigned integer data type, causing the value to wrap around to a negative number or zero. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by manipulating input values to trigger the overflow, thereby bypassing security checks that assume the resulting number remains positive or within expected bounds. This often leads to severe consequences such as buffer overflows, memory corruption, or unauthorized access. To prevent such issues, developers must implement rigorous input validation and use safe arithmetic libraries that detect potential overflows before execution. Additionally, employing static analysis tools and adhering to secure coding standards ensures that integer calculations are handled with appropriate bounds checking, effectively mitigating the risk of wraparound errors in production environments.

MITRE CWE Description

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.

Common Consequences (5)

Availability DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Resource Consumption (Memory), DoS: Instability

This weakness can generally lead to undefined behavior and therefore crashes. When the calculated result is used for resource allocation, this weakness can cause too many (or too few) resources to be allocated, possibly enabling crashes if the product requests more resources than can be provided.

Integrity Modify Memory

If the value in question is important to data (as opposed to flow), simple data corruption has occurred. Also, if the overflow/wraparound results in other conditions such as buffer overflows, further memory corruption may occur.

Confidentiality, Availability, Access Control Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands, Bypass Protection Mechanism

This weakness can sometimes trigger buffer overflows, which can be used to execute arbitrary code. This is usually outside the scope of the product's implicit security policy.

Availability, Other Alter Execution Logic, DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Resource Consumption (CPU)

If the overflow/wraparound occurs in a loop index variable, this could cause the loop to terminate at the wrong time - too early, too late, or not at all (i.e., infinite loops). With too many iterations, some loops could consume too many resources such as memory, file handles, etc., possibly leading…

Access Control Bypass Protection Mechanism

If integer values are used in security-critical decisions, such as calculating quotas or allocation limits, integer overflows can be used to cause an incorrect security decision.

Mitigations (5)

Requirements Ensure that all protocols are strictly defined, such that all out-of-bounds behavior can be identified simply, and require strict conformance to the protocol.

Requirements Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. If possible, choose a language or compiler that performs automatic bounds checking.

Architecture and Design Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482]. Use libraries or frameworks that make it easier to handle numbers without unexpected consequences. Examples include safe integer handling packages such as SafeInt (C++) or IntegerLib (C or C++). [REF-106]

Implementation Perform input validation on any numeric input by ensuring that it is within the expected range. Enforce that the input meets both the minimum and maximum requirements for the expected range. Use unsigned integers where possible. This makes it easier to perform validation for integer overflows. When signed integers are required, ensure that the range check includes minimum values as well as maximum…

Implementation Understand the programming language's underlying representation and how it interacts with numeric calculation (CWE-681). Pay close attention to byte size discrepancies, precision, signed/unsigned distinctions, truncation, conversion and casting between types, "not-a-number" calculations, and how the language handles numbers that are too large or too small for its underlying representation. [REF-7]…

Examples (2)

The following image processing code allocates a table for images.

img_t table_ptr; /*struct containing img data, 10kB each*/ int num_imgs; ... num_imgs = get_num_imgs(); table_ptr = (img_t*)malloc(sizeof(img_t)*num_imgs); ...

Bad · C

The following code excerpt from OpenSSH 3.3 demonstrates a classic case of integer overflow:

nresp = packet_get_int(); if (nresp > 0) { response = xmalloc(nresp*sizeof(char*)); for (i = 0; i < nresp; i++) response[i] = packet_get_string(NULL); }

Bad · C

CVE ID	Title	CVSS	Severity	Published
CVE-2019-3856	libssh2 输入验证错误漏洞 — libssh2	8.8	-	2019-03-25
CVE-2019-3857	libssh2 输入验证错误漏洞 — libssh2	8.8	-	2019-03-25
CVE-2019-3863	libssh2 缓冲区错误漏洞 — libssh2	8.8	-	2019-03-25
CVE-2019-3855	libssh2 输入验证错误漏洞 — libssh2	8.8	-	2019-03-21
CVE-2018-16881	Adiscon Rsyslog imptcp模块输入验证错误漏洞 — rsyslog:	7.5	-	2019-01-25
CVE-2018-11458	多款Siemens产品数字错误漏洞 — SINUMERIK 828D V4.7, SINUMERIK 840D sl V4.7, SINUMERIK 840D sl V4.8	8.1	-	2018-12-12
CVE-2016-2120	PowerDNS Authoritative Server 输入验证错误漏洞 — pdns	6.5	-	2018-11-01
CVE-2016-6328	libexif 数字错误漏洞 — libexif	8.1	-	2018-10-31
CVE-2018-16839	Haxx curl 缓冲区错误漏洞 — curl:	7.5	-	2018-10-31
CVE-2018-14634	Linux kernel 输入验证错误漏洞 — kernel	7.8	-	2018-09-25
CVE-2016-9583	JasPer 缓冲区错误漏洞 — jasper	7.8	-	2018-08-01
CVE-2016-9580	OpenJPEG 数字错误漏洞 — openjpeg2	8.8	-	2018-08-01
CVE-2016-8622	Haxx libcurl 缓冲区错误漏洞 — curl	9.8	-	2018-07-31
CVE-2017-7482	Linux kernel 缓冲区错误漏洞 — kernel:	8.8	-	2018-07-30
CVE-2018-1124	procps-ng 数字错误漏洞 — procps-ng	7.8	-	2018-05-23
CVE-2018-1126	procps-ng 安全漏洞 — procps-ng, procps	9.8	-	2018-05-23
CVE-2016-9601	Artifex Software Ghostscript 数字错误漏洞 — ghostscript	5.5	-	2018-04-23
CVE-2018-1084	Corosync 数字错误漏洞 — corosync	7.5	-	2018-04-12
CVE-2017-17408	Bitdefender Internet Security 安全漏洞 — Bitdefender Internet Security	8.8	-	2017-12-21
CVE-2017-17409	Bitdefender Internet Security 安全漏洞 — Bitdefender Internet Security	8.8	-	2017-12-21
CVE-2017-10954	Bitdefender Internet Security 安全漏洞 — Bitdefender Internet Security	8.8	-	2017-10-31
CVE-2017-9282	Micro Focus VisiBroker 数字错误漏洞 — Micro Focus VisiBroker	9.8	-	2017-09-21
CVE-2017-7542	Linux kernel 输入验证错误漏洞 — Linux kernel versions up to and including 4.12	5.5	-	2017-07-21
CVE-2017-7529	F5 Nginx 输入验证错误漏洞 — nginx	7.5	-	2017-07-13
CVE-2014-9192	Trihedral Engineering Limited VTScada Integer Overflow — VTS	7.5	-	2014-12-11

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-190 (整数溢出或超界折返) represent 1195 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.