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CWE-22 (对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历)) — Vulnerability Class 5186

5186 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-22 (对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历)). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-22 represents a critical input validation weakness where software fails to properly sanitize external input before constructing file paths. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by injecting directory traversal sequences, such as “../”, into user-supplied parameters. These malicious inputs allow the application to resolve file references outside the intended restricted directory, potentially granting unauthorized access to sensitive system files, configuration data, or source code. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement rigorous input validation techniques, ensuring that all path components are strictly checked against allowed characters and structures. Additionally, employing canonicalization to resolve symbolic links and relative paths before validation, combined with strict chroot jails or sandboxing, effectively confines file operations to designated directories, thereby neutralizing the potential for path traversal attacks and preserving system integrity.

MITRE CWE Description
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory. Many file operations are intended to take place within a restricted directory. By using special elements such as ".." and "/" separators, attackers can escape outside of the restricted location to access files or directories that are elsewhere on the system. One of the most common special elements is the "../" sequence, which in most modern operating systems is interpreted as the parent directory of the current location. This is referred to as relative path traversal. Path traversal also covers the use of absolute pathnames such as "/usr/local/bin" to access unexpected files. This is referred to as absolute path traversal.
Common Consequences (4)
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
The attacker may be able to create or overwrite critical files that are used to execute code, such as programs or libraries.
Integrity Modify Files or Directories
The attacker may be able to overwrite or create critical files, such as programs, libraries, or important data. If the targeted file is used for a security mechanism, then the attacker may be able to bypass that mechanism. For example, appending a new account at the end of a password file may allow …
Confidentiality Read Files or Directories
The attacker may be able read the contents of unexpected files and expose sensitive data. If the targeted file is used for a security mechanism, then the attacker may be able to bypass that mechanism. For example, by reading a password file, the attacker could conduct brute force password guessing a…
Availability DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart
The attacker may be able to overwrite, delete, or corrupt unexpected critical files such as programs, libraries, or important data. This may prevent the product from working at all and in the case of protection mechanisms such as authentication, it has the potential to lock out product users.
Mitigations (5)
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Architecture and Design For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Implementation Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath(…
Architecture and Design Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Operation Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Effectiveness: Moderate
Examples (2)
The following code could be for a social networking application in which each user's profile information is stored in a separate file. All files are stored in a single directory.
my $dataPath = "/users/cwe/profiles"; my $username = param("user"); my $profilePath = $dataPath . "/" . $username; open(my $fh, "<", $profilePath) || ExitError("profile read error: $profilePath"); print "<ul>\n"; while (<$fh>) { print "<li>$_</li>\n"; } print "</ul>\n";
Bad · Perl
../../../etc/passwd
Attack
In the example below, the path to a dictionary file is read from a system property and used to initialize a File object.
String filename = System.getProperty("com.domain.application.dictionaryFile"); File dictionaryFile = new File(filename);
Bad · Java
CVE ID Title CVSS Severity Published
CVE-2026-63445 Perses: Unvalidated project parameter enables filesystem path traversal — perses 7.1 High 2026-09-18
CVE-2026-62278 LubeLogger: Path Traversal in HandleTranslationFileUpload Allows Authenticated Users to Write Files Outside Data Directory — lubelog 8.1 High 2026-09-18
CVE-2025-14753 IBM Cloud Pak for Data is vulnerable to path traversal — Cloud Pak for Data 7.5 High 2026-09-18
CVE-2026-21822 A path traversal vulnerability has been identified in HCL AppScan 360° (CVE-2026-21822). — HCL AppScan 360° 6.3 Medium 2026-09-18
CVE-2026-40535 DSM 7.2/7.3路径遍历漏洞 — DiskStation Manager (DSM) 6.5 Medium 2026-09-18
CVE-2026-40536 群晖DSM Audio API路径遍历漏洞 — DiskStation Manager (DSM) 4.3 Medium 2026-09-18
CVE-2026-16777 Store Exporter <= 2.8.0 - Authenticated (Shop Manager+) Path Traversal to Arbitrary File Read and Arbitrary File Deletion via 'filename' Parameter — Store Exporter – Export WooCommerce Products, Orders, Subscriptions, Customers 4.9 Medium 2026-09-18
CVE-2026-14323 Printcart Web to Print Product Designer for WooCommerce <= 2.8.5 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Read via 'folder' and 'mockups' Parameters — Printcart Store – Web to Print Product Designer for WooCommerce 7.5 High 2026-09-18
CVE-2026-70200 Azure Logic Apps Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability — Azure Logic Apps 10.0 Critical 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-70009 Azure Arc Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability — Azure ARC 9.3 Critical 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-54520 AI Agent Automation: Workflow file step path traversal allows read and write outside the expected directory — ai-agent-automation 8.1 High 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-54670 WeGIA: Unauthenticated Auth Bypass + Local File Inclusion — WeGIA 9.1 Critical 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-54612 Vvveb: Authenticated editor path traversal to PHP file write/RCE via data-v-save-global — Vvveb 8.8 High 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-54613 Vvveb: Path Traversal in Revision Backup Reader/Deleter via Unsanitized theme Parameter — Vvveb 5.4 Medium 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-53554 SQLBot: Arbitrary File Write via parseExcel Leading to Code Execution Through Alembic Import Processing — SQLBot 7.3 High 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-54343 Frappe LMS: Path Traversal in SCORM File Serving — lms 8.7 High 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-45140 Chamilo LMS CStudio upload flow allows unauthenticated remote code execution — chamilo-lms 9.8 Critical 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-54617 GravitLauncher: Unauthenticated path traversal in LaunchServer FileServerHandler — Launcher 9.8 Critical 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-55062 uniget: Path Traversal in Hook Files - Directory Escape Vulnerability — cli 8.4 High 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-89038 Verizon Cloud for Android < 26.7.10 Path Traversal via OneTouchUploadActivity — Verizon Cloud for Android 6.2 Medium 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-54053 Many Notes: Path Traversal via ZIP import allows arbitrary file write and stored XSS in other users' vaults — many-notes 9.6 Critical 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-54585 mport sample file handling can write outside the configured root — mport 6.0 Medium 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-54583 mport package bundle downloads allow unsafe destination filenames — mport 8.3 High 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-93014 RosarioSIS before 12.9 Path Traversal in File Deletion via filename Parameter — RosarioSIS 7.1 High 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-93013 RAGFlow through 0.27.2 Tenant Import Endpoints Path Traversal — ragflow 4.3 Medium 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-81453 Dell OpenManage 11.1.0.3前版本路径遍历 — OpenManage Server Administrator Managed Node (Patch) for Windows 6.5 Medium 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-81829 Smallrye-jwt: quarkus-smallrye-jwt: smallrye-jwt: unauthenticated same-origin ssrf via unsanitized jwt kid header in awsalbkeyresolver — Red Hat build of Quarkus 3.27.5.SP2 5.3 Medium 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-92945 vm2 before 3.11.7 Module Allowlist Bypass via Prefix Matching — vm2 4.2 Medium 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-92970 HUBzero CMS through 2.2.32 Path Traversal via File Upload — hubzero-cms 8.8 High 2026-09-17
CVE-2026-92919 admin3 through 3.0.0 Arbitrary File Write via Path Traversal in Storage Upload Filename — admin3 8.1 High 2026-09-17

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-22 (对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历)) represent 5186 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.