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CWE-22 (对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历)) — Vulnerability Class 5186

5186 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-22 (对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历)). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-22 represents a critical input validation weakness where software fails to properly sanitize external input before constructing file paths. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by injecting directory traversal sequences, such as “../”, into user-supplied parameters. These malicious inputs allow the application to resolve file references outside the intended restricted directory, potentially granting unauthorized access to sensitive system files, configuration data, or source code. To mitigate this risk, developers must implement rigorous input validation techniques, ensuring that all path components are strictly checked against allowed characters and structures. Additionally, employing canonicalization to resolve symbolic links and relative paths before validation, combined with strict chroot jails or sandboxing, effectively confines file operations to designated directories, thereby neutralizing the potential for path traversal attacks and preserving system integrity.

MITRE CWE Description
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory. Many file operations are intended to take place within a restricted directory. By using special elements such as ".." and "/" separators, attackers can escape outside of the restricted location to access files or directories that are elsewhere on the system. One of the most common special elements is the "../" sequence, which in most modern operating systems is interpreted as the parent directory of the current location. This is referred to as relative path traversal. Path traversal also covers the use of absolute pathnames such as "/usr/local/bin" to access unexpected files. This is referred to as absolute path traversal.
Common Consequences (4)
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
The attacker may be able to create or overwrite critical files that are used to execute code, such as programs or libraries.
Integrity Modify Files or Directories
The attacker may be able to overwrite or create critical files, such as programs, libraries, or important data. If the targeted file is used for a security mechanism, then the attacker may be able to bypass that mechanism. For example, appending a new account at the end of a password file may allow …
Confidentiality Read Files or Directories
The attacker may be able read the contents of unexpected files and expose sensitive data. If the targeted file is used for a security mechanism, then the attacker may be able to bypass that mechanism. For example, by reading a password file, the attacker could conduct brute force password guessing a…
Availability DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart
The attacker may be able to overwrite, delete, or corrupt unexpected critical files such as programs, libraries, or important data. This may prevent the product from working at all and in the case of protection mechanisms such as authentication, it has the potential to lock out product users.
Mitigations (5)
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Architecture and Design For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Implementation Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath(…
Architecture and Design Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Operation Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Effectiveness: Moderate
Examples (2)
The following code could be for a social networking application in which each user's profile information is stored in a separate file. All files are stored in a single directory.
my $dataPath = "/users/cwe/profiles"; my $username = param("user"); my $profilePath = $dataPath . "/" . $username; open(my $fh, "<", $profilePath) || ExitError("profile read error: $profilePath"); print "<ul>\n"; while (<$fh>) { print "<li>$_</li>\n"; } print "</ul>\n";
Bad · Perl
../../../etc/passwd
Attack
In the example below, the path to a dictionary file is read from a system property and used to initialize a File object.
String filename = System.getProperty("com.domain.application.dictionaryFile"); File dictionaryFile = new File(filename);
Bad · Java
CVE ID Title CVSS Severity Published
CVE-2026-108543 ag2ai ag2 UserProxyAgent os.path.join path traversal — ag2 6.3 Medium 2026-10-11
CVE-2026-108603 slide-maker through 5.8.0 Path Traversal via generate_images_openai.py — slide-maker 3.3 Low 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-78530 WordPress FoodBakery theme <= 4.6 - Arbitrary File Deletion vulnerability — FoodBakery 7.7 High 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-66481 WordPress Presto Player Pro plugin <= 3.0.1 - Arbitrary File Deletion vulnerability — Presto Player Pro 6.8 Medium 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-40805 WordPress PeepSo plugin <= 9.0.5.4 - Arbitrary File Deletion vulnerability — PeepSo 7.7 High 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-108597 Cohere Python SDK 5.11.0 through 7.2.0 Path Traversal via SageMaker Tar Extraction — cohere-python 4.8 Medium 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-105892 WordPress rtMedia for WordPress, BuddyPress and bbPress plugin <= 4.7.13 - Arbitrary File Deletion vulnerability — rtMedia for WordPress, BuddyPress and bbPress 9.8 Critical 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-108585 argocd-mcp through 0.9.0 Path Traversal via delete_application Tool — argocd-mcp 5.4 Medium 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-91136 Divi Plus <= 2.4.0 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Read via 'svg_image' Parameter — Divi Plus 7.5 High 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-104722 Listdom: AI-powered Business Directory with Classifieds Ads Listings <= 6.1.2 - Authenticated (Administrator+) Path Traversal to Arbitrary File Deletion via 'ix[file]' Parameter — Listdom: AI-powered Business Directory with Classifieds Ads Listings 4.9 Medium 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-104801 PPOM <= 34.0.10 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary File Deletion via 'ppom[fields][<data_name>][n][org]' Parameter — PPOM – Product Addons & Custom Fields for WooCommerce 9.1 Critical 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-97348 SiteOrigin Widgets Bundle <= 1.74.3 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Arbitrary File Read via LESS Injection via [siteorigin_widget] Shortcode 'value' JSON Instance (design.colors LESS Variable) — SiteOrigin Widgets Bundle 6.5 Medium 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-104763 Post Export Import with Media <= 1.17.1 - Authenticated (Administrator+) Path Traversal to Arbitrary File Read via 'file_path' Parameter in media_metadata.json — Post Export Import with Media 4.9 Medium 2026-10-10
CVE-2026-108258 Shiny for Python - Path traversal in bookmark restore — py-shiny 6.9 Medium 2026-10-09
CVE-2026-107844 Contao: Path traversal in the images controller — contao 5.3 Medium 2026-10-09
CVE-2026-108158 plugNmeet Server through 2.5.2 Path Traversal via /api/whiteboard/convert — plugNmeet-server 6.5 Medium 2026-10-09
CVE-2026-104081 KodExplorer < 4.55 Path Traversal via unzip_pre_name() ZIP Extraction — KodExplorer 8.1 High 2026-10-09
CVE-2026-103412 Apache Camel Karavan: project file name path traversal when committing a project to Git — Apache Camel Karavan 8.8 High 2026-10-09
CVE-2026-94664 WordPress PDF for Contact Form 7 plugin <= 7.1.0 - Arbitrary File Download vulnerability — PDF for Contact Form 7 7.5 High 2026-10-09
CVE-2026-94666 WordPress Generate PDF using Contact Form 7 plugin <= 4.2.1 - Arbitrary File Download vulnerability — Generate PDF using Contact Form 7 7.5 High 2026-10-09
CVE-2026-78340 Dell SCG Policy Manager路径遍历漏洞 — Secure Connect Gateway (SCG) Policy Manager 6.3 Medium 2026-10-09
CVE-2026-107935 Gvisor-tap-vsock: gvisor-tap-vsock: unathenticated arbitrary file deletion on the host via /expose 9.3 Critical 2026-10-09
CVE-2026-107716 Banks: Symlink traversal and arbitrary file disclosure/overwrite in DirectoryPromptRegistry — banks 7.3 High 2026-10-08
CVE-2026-75875 Multiple vulnerabilities affect the Sniffer component as part of IBM Guardium Data Protection — Guardium Data Protection 9.8 Critical 2026-10-08
CVE-2026-82900 IBM Guardium Data Protection is affected by multiple vulnerabilities. — Guardium Data Protection 8.1 High 2026-10-08
CVE-2026-84247 IBM Guardium Data Protection is affected by multiple vulnerabilities. — Guardium Data Protection 8.1 High 2026-10-08
CVE-2026-19493 Security vulnerabilities have been found in IBM Verify Identity Access and IBM Security Verify Access — Security Verify Access 7.5 High 2026-10-08
CVE-2026-84275 IBM Guardium Data Protection Path Traversal — Guardium Data Protection 7.5 High 2026-10-08
CVE-2026-107377 datamodel-code-generator: Protobuf weak-import path traversal allows files to be written outside the temporary directory — datamodel-code-generator 7.5 High 2026-10-08
CVE-2026-19585 Go-getter vulnerable to a path traversal in S3/GCS directory download handling — Shared library 5.3 Medium 2026-10-08

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-22 (对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历)) represent 5186 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.