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CWE-22 对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历) 类漏洞列表 3566

CWE-22 对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历) 类弱点 3566 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-22 属于路径遍历漏洞，指程序未正确过滤外部输入中的特殊字符，导致构造的文件路径突破受限目录限制。攻击者常利用“../”等序列访问系统敏感文件，窃取数据或执行恶意操作。开发者应严格校验输入，使用白名单机制限制合法字符，并采用绝对路径或规范化处理，确保最终解析路径始终位于预期目录内，从而有效防御此类风险。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-22 对受限目录的路径名限制不当（'Path Traversal'） 英文：产品使用外部输入来构造一个路径名，该路径名旨在标识位于受限父目录下的文件或目录，但产品未能正确中和路径名中可能导致路径名解析到受限目录之外位置的特殊元素。 许多文件操作旨在在受限目录内进行。通过使用“..”和“/”分隔符等特殊元素，攻击者可以逃逸出受限位置，以访问系统中其他位置的文件或目录。最常见的特殊元素之一是“../”序列，在大多数现代操作系统中，它被解释为当前位置的父目录。这被称为相对路径遍历（relative path traversal）。路径遍历（Path Traversal）也涵盖使用绝对路径名（如“/usr/local/bin”）来访问意外文件的情况。这被称为绝对路径遍历（absolute path traversal）。
常见影响 (4)
Integrity, Confidentiality, AvailabilityExecute Unauthorized Code or Commands
The attacker may be able to create or overwrite critical files that are used to execute code, such as programs or libraries.
IntegrityModify Files or Directories
The attacker may be able to overwrite or create critical files, such as programs, libraries, or important data. If the targeted file is used for a security mechanism, then the attacker may be able to bypass that mechanism. For example, appending a new account at the end of a password file may allow …
ConfidentialityRead Files or Directories
The attacker may be able read the contents of unexpected files and expose sensitive data. If the targeted file is used for a security mechanism, then the attacker may be able to bypass that mechanism. For example, by reading a password file, the attacker could conduct brute force password guessing a…
AvailabilityDoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart
The attacker may be able to overwrite, delete, or corrupt unexpected critical files such as programs, libraries, or important data. This may prevent the product from working at all and in the case of protection mechanisms such as authentication, it has the potential to lock out product users.
缓解措施 (5)
ImplementationAssume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Architecture and DesignFor any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
ImplementationInputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath(…
Architecture and DesignUse a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
OperationUse an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Effectiveness: Moderate
代码示例 (2)
The following code could be for a social networking application in which each user's profile information is stored in a separate file. All files are stored in a single directory.
my $dataPath = "/users/cwe/profiles"; my $username = param("user"); my $profilePath = $dataPath . "/" . $username; open(my $fh, "<", $profilePath) || ExitError("profile read error: $profilePath"); print "<ul>\n"; while (<$fh>) { print "<li>$_</li>\n"; } print "</ul>\n";
Bad · Perl
../../../etc/passwd
Attack
In the example below, the path to a dictionary file is read from a system property and used to initialize a File object.
String filename = System.getProperty("com.domain.application.dictionaryFile"); File dictionaryFile = new File(filename);
Bad · Java
CVE ID标题CVSS风险等级Published
CVE-2017-16176 jansenstuffpleasework 路径遍历漏洞 — jansenstuffpleasework node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16177 chatbyvista 路径遍历漏洞 — chatbyvista node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16178 intsol-package 路径遍历漏洞 — intsol-package node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16179 dasafio 路径遍历漏洞 — dasafio node module 5.3 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16180 serverabc 路径遍历漏洞 — serverabc node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16181 wintiwebdev 路径遍历漏洞 — wintiwebdev node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16182 serverxxx 路径遍历漏洞 — serverxxx node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16183 iter-server 路径遍历漏洞 — n/a 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16184 scott-blanch-weather-app 路径遍历漏洞 — scott-blanch-weather-app node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16185 uekw1511server 路径遍历漏洞 — uekw1511server node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16186 360class.jansenhm 路径遍历漏洞 — 360class.jansenhm node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16187 open-device 路径遍历漏洞 — open-device node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16188 reecerver 路径遍历漏洞 — reecerver node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16189 sly07 路径遍历漏洞 — sly07 node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16190 dcdcdcdcdc 路径遍历漏洞 — dcdcdcdcdc node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16191 cypserver 路径遍历漏洞 — cypserver node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16192 getcityapi.yoehoehne 路径遍历漏洞 — getcityapi.yoehoehne node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16193 mfrs 路径遍历漏洞 — mfrs node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16194 picard 路径遍历漏洞 — picard node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16195 pytservce 路径遍历漏洞 — pytservce node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16196 quickserver 路径遍历漏洞 — quickserver node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16197 qinserve 路径遍历漏洞 — qinserve node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16199 susu-sum 路径遍历漏洞 — susu-sum node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16200 uv-tj-demo 路径遍历漏洞 — uv-tj-demo node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16201 zjjserver 路径遍历漏洞 — zjjserver node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16208 dmmcquay.lab6 路径遍历漏洞 — dmmcquay.lab6 node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16209 enserver 路径遍历漏洞 — enserver node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16210 jn_jj_server 路径遍历漏洞 — jn_jj_server node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16211 lessindex 路径遍历漏洞 — lessindex node module 7.5 -2018-06-07
CVE-2017-16212 ltt 路径遍历漏洞 — ltt node module 7.5 -2018-06-07

CWE-22（对路径名的限制不恰当(路径遍历)） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 3566 条 CVE 漏洞。