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CWE-476 空指针解引用 类漏洞列表 1557

CWE-476 空指针解引用 类弱点 1557 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-476空指针解引用属于内存安全类漏洞，指程序在指针为NULL时仍尝试访问其指向的内存。攻击者通常通过构造特定输入触发空指针，导致程序崩溃引发拒绝服务，或在特定架构下利用该异常改变执行流以执行恶意代码。开发者应避免在解引用前未验证指针有效性，通过添加空值检查、使用静态分析工具检测潜在风险，并确保代码逻辑能妥善处理无效指针情况，从而从根本上消除隐患。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-476 NULL Pointer Dereference（空指针解引用） 英文：The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL. 译文：产品解引用了一个它预期为有效但实际上为 NULL 的指针。
常见影响 (2)
Availability DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart
NULL pointer dereferences usually result in the failure of the process unless exception handling (on some platforms) is available and implemented. Even when exception handling is being used, it can still be very difficult to return the software to a safe state of operation.
Integrity, Confidentiality Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands, Read Memory, Modify Memory
In rare circumstances, when NULL is equivalent to the 0x0 memory address and privileged code can access it, then writing or reading memory is possible, which may lead to code execution.
缓解措施 (5)
Implementation For any pointers that could have been modified or provided from a function that can return NULL, check the pointer for NULL before use. When working with a multithreaded or otherwise asynchronous environment, ensure that proper locking APIs are used to lock before the check, and unlock when it has finished [REF-1484].
Requirements Select a programming language that is not susceptible to these issues.
Implementation Check the results of all functions that return a value and verify that the value is non-null before acting upon it.
Effectiveness: Moderate
Architecture and Design Identify all variables and data stores that receive information from external sources, and apply input validation to make sure that they are only initialized to expected values.
Implementation Explicitly initialize all variables and other data stores, either during declaration or just before the first usage.
代码示例 (2)
This example takes an IP address from a user, verifies that it is well formed and then looks up the hostname and copies it into a buffer.
void host_lookup(char *user_supplied_addr){ struct hostent *hp; in_addr_t *addr; char hostname[64]; in_addr_t inet_addr(const char *cp); /*routine that ensures user_supplied_addr is in the right format for conversion */ validate_addr_form(user_supplied_addr); addr = inet_addr(user_supplied_addr); hp = gethostbyaddr( addr, sizeof(struct in_addr), AF_INET); strcpy(hostname, hp->h_name); }
Bad · C
In the following code, the programmer assumes that the system always has a property named "cmd" defined. If an attacker can control the program's environment so that "cmd" is not defined, the program throws a NULL pointer exception when it attempts to call the trim() method.
String cmd = System.getProperty("cmd"); cmd = cmd.trim();
Bad · Java
CVE ID 标题 CVSS 风险等级 Published
CVE-2026-121522 Git 源解析器远程拒绝服务漏洞 — BuildKit 6.7 Medium 2026-11-03
CVE-2026-120955 MongoDB C Driver 现代 GridFS 拒绝服务漏洞 — C Driver 7.5 High 2026-11-03
CVE-2026-115297 Packetbeat 空指针解引用导致拒绝服务漏洞 — Packetbeat 6.5 Medium 2026-11-03
CVE-2026-120758 HDF5 文件损坏导致空指针解引用漏洞 — HDF5 5.4 Medium 2026-11-03
CVE-2026-43603 Linux GPU 驱动空指针解引用漏洞致拒绝服务 — AMD Ryzen™ 4000 Series Mobile Processors with Radeon™ Graphics 6.9 Medium 2026-11-03
CVE-2026-121402 FreeRDP 3.32.2 零宽 RDPGFX 重置导致崩溃漏洞 — FreeRDP 6.5 Medium 2026-11-03
CVE-2026-121401 FreeRDP 3.32.2 之前版本拒绝服务漏洞 — FreeRDP 4.3 Medium 2026-11-03
CVE-2026-120454 The Sleuth Kit 4.15.0 LZVN解压缩空指针解引用漏洞 — The Sleuth Kit 5.5 Medium 2026-11-02
CVE-2026-59993 Picotls 客户端握手空指针解引用漏洞 — picotls 6.5 Medium 2026-10-30
CVE-2026-62966 ESPAsyncWebServer multipart 解析器空指针写入漏洞 — ESPAsyncWebServer 7.5 High 2026-10-30
CVE-2026-62298 asn1c 解码开放类型 ASAN 崩溃漏洞 — asn1c - - 2026-10-30
CVE-2026-120046 Nezha 2.0.0 至 2.4.0 启动空指针解引用漏洞 — nezha 5.3 Medium 2026-10-30
CVE-2026-119842 Gst-plugins-base 空指针解引用漏洞 — Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 6.5 Medium 2026-10-30
CVE-2026-119728 Gst-plugins-bad H.264 MVC 空指针解引用漏洞 — Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 6.5 Medium 2026-10-30
CVE-2026-119760 sniproxy 0.7.0 空指针解引用漏洞 — sniproxy 7.5 High 2026-10-30
CVE-2026-105924 Qt 空指针解引用漏洞 — Qt 4.3 Medium 2026-10-30
CVE-2026-118778 Forge TLS 客户端无证书时崩溃漏洞 — forge 5.9 Medium 2026-10-29
CVE-2026-111736 隐式读取用户记录索引空指针解引用漏洞 — P-Net 8.7 High 2026-10-29
CVE-2026-111733 AR 记录索引隐式读取空指针解引用漏洞 — P-Net 8.7 High 2026-10-29
CVE-2026-117548 389-ds-base 远程拒绝服务漏洞 — Red Hat Directory Server 11 6.5 Medium 2026-10-29
CVE-2026-117610 libexpat 2.9.0 空指针解引用漏洞 — libexpat 5.9 Medium 2026-10-28
CVE-2026-57195 Asterisk HTTP AMI 空指针解引用漏洞 — asterisk 7.5 High 2026-10-27
CVE-2026-116658 Tanium Enforce 拒绝服务漏洞 — Enforce 6.5 Medium 2026-10-27
CVE-2026-116740 libcss 0.9.2 媒体查询解析空指针解引用漏洞 — libcss 6.5 Medium 2026-10-26
CVE-2026-82389 蓝牙 HFP AG 连接失败时 NULL 解引用漏洞 — zephyr 6.5 Medium 2026-10-26
CVE-2026-116497 Gssproxy 空指针解引用导致守护进程崩溃漏洞 — Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 5.5 Medium 2026-10-26
CVE-2026-96432 Qt QNetworkAccessManager 空指针解引用漏洞 — qt 2.1 Low 2026-10-26
CVE-2026-82946 邮箱错误处理空指针解引用漏洞 — SOEM 6.5 Medium 2026-10-26
CVE-2026-116147 ImageMagick 6.9.13-58 之前版本 DJVU 解码空指针解引用漏洞 — ImageMagick 3.7 Low 2026-10-25
CVE-2026-110491 Kiloview E3 NDI Encoder 空指针解引用漏洞 — E3 Firmware 7.5 High 2026-10-22

CWE-476（空指针解引用） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1557 条 CVE 漏洞。