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CWE-476 空指针解引用 类漏洞列表 1557

CWE-476 空指针解引用 类弱点 1557 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-476空指针解引用属于内存安全类漏洞，指程序在指针为NULL时仍尝试访问其指向的内存。攻击者通常通过构造特定输入触发空指针，导致程序崩溃引发拒绝服务，或在特定架构下利用该异常改变执行流以执行恶意代码。开发者应避免在解引用前未验证指针有效性，通过添加空值检查、使用静态分析工具检测潜在风险，并确保代码逻辑能妥善处理无效指针情况，从而从根本上消除隐患。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-476 NULL Pointer Dereference（空指针解引用） 英文：The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL. 译文：产品解引用了一个它预期为有效但实际上为 NULL 的指针。
常见影响 (2)
Availability DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart
NULL pointer dereferences usually result in the failure of the process unless exception handling (on some platforms) is available and implemented. Even when exception handling is being used, it can still be very difficult to return the software to a safe state of operation.
Integrity, Confidentiality Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands, Read Memory, Modify Memory
In rare circumstances, when NULL is equivalent to the 0x0 memory address and privileged code can access it, then writing or reading memory is possible, which may lead to code execution.
缓解措施 (5)
Implementation For any pointers that could have been modified or provided from a function that can return NULL, check the pointer for NULL before use. When working with a multithreaded or otherwise asynchronous environment, ensure that proper locking APIs are used to lock before the check, and unlock when it has finished [REF-1484].
Requirements Select a programming language that is not susceptible to these issues.
Implementation Check the results of all functions that return a value and verify that the value is non-null before acting upon it.
Effectiveness: Moderate
Architecture and Design Identify all variables and data stores that receive information from external sources, and apply input validation to make sure that they are only initialized to expected values.
Implementation Explicitly initialize all variables and other data stores, either during declaration or just before the first usage.
代码示例 (2)
This example takes an IP address from a user, verifies that it is well formed and then looks up the hostname and copies it into a buffer.
void host_lookup(char *user_supplied_addr){ struct hostent *hp; in_addr_t *addr; char hostname[64]; in_addr_t inet_addr(const char *cp); /*routine that ensures user_supplied_addr is in the right format for conversion */ validate_addr_form(user_supplied_addr); addr = inet_addr(user_supplied_addr); hp = gethostbyaddr( addr, sizeof(struct in_addr), AF_INET); strcpy(hostname, hp->h_name); }
Bad · C
In the following code, the programmer assumes that the system always has a property named "cmd" defined. If an attacker can control the program's environment so that "cmd" is not defined, the program throws a NULL pointer exception when it attempts to call the trim() method.
String cmd = System.getProperty("cmd"); cmd = cmd.trim();
Bad · Java
CVE ID 标题 CVSS 风险等级 Published
CVE-2026-76905 getkin kin-openapi 异常处理不当漏洞 — kin-openapi 7.5 High 2026-08-21
CVE-2026-17251 TP-Link TL-MR6400 异常处理不当漏洞 — TL-MR6400 v7.0 7.1 High 2026-08-21
CVE-2026-48754 LXC Incus 异常处理不当漏洞 — incus 2.1 Low 2026-08-21
CVE-2026-47753 LXC Incus 异常处理不当漏洞 — incus 4.4 Medium 2026-08-21
CVE-2026-48756 LXC Incus 异常处理不当漏洞 — incus 2.1 Low 2026-08-21
CVE-2026-17165 IBM AIX 异常处理不当漏洞 — AIX 7.5 High 2026-08-20
CVE-2026-17009 IBM AIX 异常处理不当漏洞 — AIX 4.7 Medium 2026-08-20
CVE-2026-73199 FreeIPA 异常处理不当漏洞 — Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 6.5 Medium 2026-08-20
CVE-2026-8619 TP-Link TL-MR100 异常处理不当漏洞 — TL-MR100 v3.2 7.1 High 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-76928 Wireshark 异常处理不当漏洞 — Wireshark 7.5 High 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-76927 Wireshark 异常处理不当漏洞 — Wireshark 4.7 Medium 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-76922 Wireshark 异常处理不当漏洞 — Wireshark 5.5 Medium 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-76881 Wireshark 异常处理不当漏洞 — Wireshark 4.7 Medium 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-16846 IBM AIX 异常处理不当漏洞 — AIX 6.5 Medium 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-16829 IBM AIX 异常处理不当漏洞 — AIX 5.3 Medium 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-68901 WeKan 异常处理不当漏洞 — wekan 6.5 Medium 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-75618 TP-Link Tapo C100 异常处理不当漏洞 — Tapo C100 v5 7.1 High 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-16817 IBM AIX 异常处理不当漏洞 — AIX 7.5 High 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-76166 mod_cluster 异常处理不当漏洞 — Red Hat JBoss Web Server 7.0.3 4.3 Medium 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-76014 A mirror to other labs BusyBox 资源管理错误漏洞 — BusyBox 3.3 Low 2026-08-19
CVE-2026-73502 getkin kin-openapi 异常处理不当漏洞 — kin-openapi 5.3 Medium 2026-08-18
CVE-2026-59949 Jonas Konrad LZ4 Java 异常处理不当漏洞 — lz4-java 6.5 Medium 2026-08-18
CVE-2026-75013 TOTOLINK EX1200L 资源管理错误漏洞 — EX1200L 6.5 Medium 2026-08-17
CVE-2026-75012 TOTOLINK EX1200L 资源管理错误漏洞 — EX1200L 6.5 Medium 2026-08-17
CVE-2026-58561 Huawei HarmonyOS 异常处理不当漏洞 — HarmonyOS 4.0 Medium 2026-08-17
CVE-2026-58560 Huawei HarmonyOS 异常处理不当漏洞 — HarmonyOS 4.0 Medium 2026-08-17
CVE-2026-18699 MongoDB Server 异常处理不当漏洞 — MongoDB Server 6.5 Medium 2026-08-11
CVE-2026-65681 Microsoft Windows 异常处理不当漏洞 — Windows 10 Version 1607 7.5 High 2026-08-11
CVE-2026-62702 Microsoft Windows Graphics Kernel 异常处理不当漏洞 — Windows 10 Version 21H2 6.8 Medium 2026-08-11
CVE-2026-59138 Microsoft Remote Registry Service 异常处理不当漏洞 — Windows 10 Version 1607 6.5 Medium 2026-08-11

CWE-476（空指针解引用） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1557 条 CVE 漏洞。