CWE-732 (关键资源的不正确权限授予) — Vulnerability Class 594

594 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-732 (关键资源的不正确权限授予). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-732 represents a critical access control weakness where software assigns overly permissive security attributes to vital resources, such as files, directories, or registry keys. This misconfiguration allows unintended actors to read or modify data that should remain restricted, often leading to sensitive information disclosure or unauthorized system changes. Attackers typically exploit this by identifying these loose permissions to access confidential data or alter critical configurations, potentially escalating privileges or compromising system integrity. To prevent this, developers must adhere to the principle of least privilege, ensuring resources are accessible only to necessary processes and users. Rigorous code reviews, automated static analysis tools, and strict adherence to secure coding standards help identify and correct improper permission assignments before deployment, thereby safeguarding critical assets against unauthorized access and manipulation.

MITRE CWE Description

The product specifies permissions for a security-critical resource in a way that allows that resource to be read or modified by unintended actors. When a resource is given a permission setting that provides access to a wider range of actors than required, it could lead to the exposure of sensitive information, or the modification of that resource by unintended parties. This is especially dangerous when the resource is related to program configuration, execution, or sensitive user data. For example, consider a misconfigured storage account for the cloud that can be read or written by a public or anonymous user.

Common Consequences (3)

Confidentiality Read Application Data, Read Files or Directories

An attacker may be able to read sensitive information from the associated resource, such as credentials or configuration information stored in a file.

Access Control Gain Privileges or Assume Identity

An attacker may be able to modify critical properties of the associated resource to gain privileges, such as replacing a world-writable executable with a Trojan horse.

Integrity, Other Modify Application Data, Other

An attacker may be able to destroy or corrupt critical data in the associated resource, such as deletion of records from a database.

Mitigations (5)

Implementation When using a critical resource such as a configuration file, check to see if the resource has insecure permissions (such as being modifiable by any regular user) [REF-62], and generate an error or even exit the software if there is a possibility that the resource could have been modified by an unauthorized party.

Architecture and Design Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully defining distinct user groups, privileges, and/or roles. Map these against data, functionality, and the related resources. Then set the permissions accordingly. This will allow you to maintain more fine-grained control over your resources. [REF-207]

Effectiveness: Moderate

Architecture and Design, Operation Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software. OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For ex…

Effectiveness: Limited

Implementation, Installation During program startup, explicitly set the default permissions or umask to the most restrictive setting possible. Also set the appropriate permissions during program installation. This will prevent you from inheriting insecure permissions from any user who installs or runs the program.

Effectiveness: High

System Configuration For all configuration files, executables, and libraries, make sure that they are only readable and writable by the software's administrator.

Effectiveness: High

Examples (2)

The following code sets the umask of the process to 0 before creating a file and writing "Hello world" into the file.

#define OUTFILE "hello.out" umask(0); FILE *out; /* Ignore link following (CWE-59) for brevity */ out = fopen(OUTFILE, "w"); if (out) { fprintf(out, "hello world!\n"); fclose(out); }

Bad · C

-rw-rw-rw- 1 username 13 Nov 24 17:58 hello.out

Result

This code creates a home directory for a new user, and makes that user the owner of the directory. If the new directory cannot be owned by the user, the directory is deleted.

function createUserDir($username){ $path = '/home/'.$username; if(!mkdir($path)){ return false; } if(!chown($path,$username)){ rmdir($path); return false; } return true; }

Bad · PHP

CVE ID	Title	CVSS	Severity	Published
CVE-2022-21694	OTF-006: Broken Website Hardening Control: The CSP can be turned on or off but not configured for the specific needs of the website — onionshare	3.7	Low	2022-01-18
CVE-2021-35248	Unrestricted access to Orion.UserSettings SWIS entity for low-privilege users — Orion	6.8	Medium	2021-12-20
CVE-2021-43359	Sunnet eHRD - Broken Access Control — eHRD	8.8	High	2021-12-01
CVE-2021-24703	Download Plugin < 1.6.1 - Subscriber+ Arbitrary Plugin Activation — Download Plugin	6.5	-	2021-11-23
CVE-2021-43019	Adobe Creative Cloud Incorrect Permission Assignment Privilege Escalation Vulnerability — Creative Cloud (desktop component)	7.8	-	2021-11-23
CVE-2021-39235	Access mode of block tokens are not enforced — Apache Ozone	8.1	-	2021-11-19
CVE-2021-37207	Siemens Sentron Powermanager 安全漏洞 — SENTRON powermanager V3	7.8	-	2021-11-09
CVE-2021-38475	AUVESY Versiondog — Versiondog	7.3	High	2021-10-22
CVE-2021-31377	Junos OS: A local authenticated attacker can cause RPD to core — Junos OS	5.5	Medium	2021-10-19
CVE-2021-34758	Cisco TelePresence Collaboration Endpoint and RoomOS Software Denial of Service Vulnerability — Cisco RoomOS Software	4.4	Medium	2021-10-06
CVE-2021-3747	MacOS version of Multipass incorrect owner for application directory — Multipass	8.8	High	2021-10-01
CVE-2021-22148	Elasticsearch Elastic Enterprise Search 安全漏洞 — Elastic Enterprise Search	8.8	-	2021-09-15
CVE-2021-22149	Elasticsearch Elastic Enterprise Search 安全漏洞 — Elastic Enterprise Search	8.1	-	2021-09-15
CVE-2021-22147	Elasticsearch 安全漏洞 — Elasticsearch	6.5	-	2021-09-15
CVE-2021-36280	Dell EMC PowerScale 安全漏洞 — PowerScale OneFS	7.8	High	2021-08-16
CVE-2021-36279	EMC PowerScale 安全漏洞 — PowerScale OneFS	7.8	High	2021-08-16
CVE-2021-21567	Dell Technologies Dell PowerScale OneFS访问控制错误漏洞 — PowerScale OneFS	7.8	High	2021-08-10
CVE-2021-25318	rancher: API group not properly specified when creating Kubernetes RBAC resources — Rancher	8.8	High	2021-07-15
CVE-2021-31894	Siemens SIMATIC PCS 7 安全漏洞 — SIMATIC PCS 7 V8.2 and earlier	7.8	-	2021-07-13
CVE-2021-22921	Nodejs 安全漏洞 — Node	7.8	-	2021-07-12
CVE-2021-32526	QSAN Storage Manager - Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource — Storage Manager	6.5	Medium	2021-07-07
CVE-2021-23021	F5 NGINX Controller 安全漏洞 — Nginx Controller	5.5	-	2021-06-01
CVE-2020-1701	KubeVirt 安全漏洞 — virt-handler	6.5	-	2021-05-27
CVE-2021-31475	SolarWinds Orion Job Scheduler 安全漏洞 — Orion Job Scheduler	8.8	-	2021-05-21
CVE-2021-20996	WAGO: Managed Switches: Unsecure Cookie settings — 0852-0303	5.3	Medium	2021-05-13
CVE-2021-22669	Advantech WebAccess SCADA 安全漏洞 — Advantech WebAccess/SCADA	8.8	-	2021-04-26
CVE-2021-22716	Schneider Electric C-Bus Toolkit 权限许可和访问控制问题漏洞 — C-Bus Toolkit	7.8	High	2021-04-13
CVE-2019-18243	GE Digital HMI/SCADA iFIX 权限许可和访问控制问题漏洞 — HMI/SCADA iFIX	5.5	-	2021-02-18
CVE-2019-18255	GE Digital HMI/SCADA iFIX 权限许可和访问控制问题漏洞 — HMI/SCADA iFIX	5.5	-	2021-02-18
CVE-2020-8029	skuba: Insecure handling of private key — SUSE CaaS Platform 4.5	2.9	Low	2021-02-11

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-732 (关键资源的不正确权限授予) represent 594 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.