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CWE-73 文件名或路径的外部可控制 类漏洞列表 482

CWE-73 文件名或路径的外部可控制 类弱点 482 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-73 属于路径遍历漏洞，指应用程序允许用户输入控制文件系统操作中的文件名或路径。攻击者通常利用此缺陷构造恶意路径，以访问或修改系统关键文件及敏感数据，从而破坏应用完整性。开发者应避免直接拼接用户输入，需通过白名单验证、规范化路径及严格过滤特殊字符，确保最终路径位于预期的安全目录内，从而有效阻断非法访问。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-73 外部控制文件名或路径 (External Control of File Name or Path) 英文：产品允许用户输入控制或影响在文件系统操作 (filesystem operations) 中使用的路径或文件名。 这可能导致攻击者访问或修改对应用程序至关重要的系统文件或其他文件。路径操纵错误 (Path manipulation errors) 在满足以下两个条件时发生：1. 攻击者可以指定在文件系统操作 (operation on the filesystem) 中使用的路径。2. 通过指定资源，攻击者获得了原本不被允许的能力。例如，程序可能赋予攻击者覆盖指定文件或运行由攻击者控制的配置的能力。
常见影响 (3)
Integrity, Confidentiality Read Files or Directories, Modify Files or Directories
The application can operate on unexpected files. Confidentiality is violated when the targeted filename is not directly readable by the attacker.
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Modify Files or Directories, Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
The application can operate on unexpected files. This may violate integrity if the filename is written to, or if the filename is for a program or other form of executable code.
Availability DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Resource Consumption (Other)
The application can operate on unexpected files. Availability can be violated if the attacker specifies an unexpected file that the application modifies. Availability can also be affected if the attacker specifies a filename for a large file, or points to a special device or a file that does not hav…
缓解措施 (5)
Architecture and Design When the set of filenames is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames, and reject all other inputs. For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap provide this capability.
Architecture and Design, Operation Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict all access to files within a particular directory. Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection. This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the oper…
Architecture and Design For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Effectiveness: High
Implementation Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59).
代码示例 (2)
The following code uses input from an HTTP request to create a file name. The programmer has not considered the possibility that an attacker could provide a file name such as "../../tomcat/conf/server.xml", which causes the application to delete one of its own configuration files (CWE-22).
String rName = request.getParameter("reportName"); File rFile = new File("/usr/local/apfr/reports/" + rName); ... rFile.delete();
Bad · Java
The following code uses input from a configuration file to determine which file to open and echo back to the user. If the program runs with privileges and malicious users can change the configuration file, they can use the program to read any file on the system that ends with the extension .txt.
fis = new FileInputStream(cfg.getProperty("sub")+".txt"); amt = fis.read(arr); out.println(arr);
Bad · Java
CVE ID 标题 CVSS 风险等级 Published
CVE-2025-0630 Western Telematic NPS Series、DSM Series和CPM Series 安全漏洞 — Network Power Switch (NPS Series) 6.5 Medium 2025-02-04
CVE-2024-12267 WordPress plugin Contact Form 安全漏洞 — Drag and Drop Multiple File Upload for Contact Form 7 5.3 Medium 2025-01-31
CVE-2024-12861 WordPress plugin W2S 安全漏洞 — W2S – Migrate WooCommerce to Shopify 6.5 Medium 2025-01-30
CVE-2025-0105 Palo Alto Networks Expedition 安全漏洞 — Cloud NGFW 10.0 - 2025-01-11
CVE-2025-0211 Campcodes School Faculty Scheduling System 安全漏洞 — School Faculty Scheduling System 6.3 Medium 2025-01-04
CVE-2025-0202 TCS BaNCS 安全漏洞 — BaNCS 5.5 Medium 2025-01-04
CVE-2024-12875 WordPress plugin Easy Digital Downloads 安全漏洞 — Easy Digital Downloads – eCommerce Payments and Subscriptions made easy 4.9 Medium 2024-12-21
CVE-2024-12066 WordPress plugin SMSA Shipping(official) 安全漏洞 — SMSA Shipping (official) 8.8 High 2024-12-21
CVE-2024-4230 Edgecross Basic Software 安全漏洞 — Edgecross Basic Software for Windows 7.8 High 2024-12-19
CVE-2024-11838 PlexTrac 安全漏洞 — PlexTrac 9.8 - 2024-12-13
CVE-2024-12357 SourceCodester Best House Rental Management System 安全漏洞 — Best House Rental Management System 4.3 Medium 2024-12-09
CVE-2024-10492 Red Hat Keycloak 安全漏洞 4.9 - 2024-11-25
CVE-2024-43451 Microsoft NTLM 安全漏洞 — Windows Server 2025 6.5 Medium 2024-11-12
CVE-2024-10672 WordPress plugin Multiple Page Generator Plugin – MPG 安全漏洞 — Multiple Page Generator Plugin – MPG 2.7 Low 2024-11-12
CVE-2023-5816 WordPress plugin Code Explorer 安全漏洞 — Code Explorer 4.9 Medium 2024-10-30
CVE-2024-5823 ChuanhuChatGPT 安全漏洞 — gaizhenbiao/chuanhuchatgpt 9.1AI Critical AI 2024-10-29
CVE-2024-38029 Microsoft OpenSSH 安全漏洞 — Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) 7.5 High 2024-10-08
CVE-2024-43615 Microsoft OpenSSH 安全漏洞 — Windows 10 Version 1809 7.1 High 2024-10-08
CVE-2024-43581 Microsoft OpenSSH 安全漏洞 — Windows 10 Version 1809 7.1 High 2024-10-08
CVE-2024-38040 Esri Portal For ArcGIS 安全漏洞 — Portal for ArcGIS 7.5 High 2024-10-04
CVE-2024-9275 123solar 安全漏洞 — 123solar 6.3 Medium 2024-09-27
CVE-2024-9142 Olgu Computer Systems e-Belediye 安全漏洞 — e-Belediye 8.2AI High AI 2024-09-24
CVE-2024-21545 Proxmox Virtual Environment 安全漏洞 — pve-manager 8.2 High 2024-09-24
CVE-2024-7626 WordPress plugin WP Delicious 安全漏洞 — WP Delicious – Recipe Plugin for Food Bloggers (formerly Delicious Recipes) 8.1 High 2024-09-11
CVE-2024-8517 SPIP 安全漏洞 — SPIP 9.8 Critical 2024-09-06
CVE-2024-7911 Simple Online Bidding System 安全漏洞 — Simple Online Bidding System 6.3 Medium 2024-08-18
CVE-2024-38173 Microsoft Outlook 安全漏洞 — Microsoft Office 2019 6.7 Medium 2024-08-13
CVE-2024-38165 Microsoft Windows 安全漏洞 — Windows 11 version 22H2 6.5 Medium 2024-08-13
CVE-2024-7497 itsourcecode Airline Reservation System 安全漏洞 — Airline Reservation System 6.3 Medium 2024-08-06
CVE-2024-7496 itsourcecode Airline Reservation System 安全漏洞 — Airline Reservation System 6.3 Medium 2024-08-06

CWE-73（文件名或路径的外部可控制） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 482 条 CVE 漏洞。