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CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类漏洞列表 1382

CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类弱点 1382 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-77即命令注入，属于输入验证缺陷。攻击者通过构造包含特殊字符的恶意输入，篡改后端系统命令，从而执行任意指令或获取敏感数据。开发者应避免直接拼接用户输入，需采用白名单过滤、参数化调用或安全API替代系统命令执行，确保输入被严格限制在预期范围内，从源头阻断注入风险。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-77 命令注入（Command Injection）中特殊元素的不当中和 英文：产品使用来自上游组件的外部影响输入来构造命令的全部或部分内容，但在将命令发送给下游组件时，未对可能修改预期命令的特殊元素进行中和，或中和不当。 许多协议和产品拥有其自定义的命令语言。尽管操作系统（OS）或 Shell 命令字符串常被发现并作为攻击目标，但开发人员可能未意识到这些其他命令语言也可能易受攻击。
常见影响 (1)
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
If a malicious user injects a character (such as a semi-colon) that delimits the end of one command and the beginning of another, it may be possible to then insert an entirely new and unrelated command that was not intended to be executed. This gives an attacker a privilege or capability that they w…
缓解措施 (5)
Architecture and Design If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Implementation If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Operation Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
System Configuration Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
代码示例 (2)
Consider a "CWE Differentiator" application that uses an an LLM generative AI based "chatbot" to explain the difference between two weaknesses. As input, it accepts two CWE IDs, constructs a prompt string, sends the prompt to the chatbot, and prints the results. The prompt string effectively acts as a command to the chatbot component. Assume that invokeChatbot() calls the chatbot and returns the …
prompt = "Explain the difference between {} and {}".format(arg1, arg2) result = invokeChatbot(prompt) resultHTML = encodeForHTML(result) print resultHTML
Bad · Python
Explain the difference between CWE-77 and CWE-78
Informative
Consider the following program. It intends to perform an "ls -l" on an input filename. The validate_name() subroutine performs validation on the input to make sure that only alphanumeric and "-" characters are allowed, which avoids path traversal (CWE-22) and OS command injection (CWE-78) weaknesses. Only filenames like "abc" or "d-e-f" are intended to be allowed.
my $arg = GetArgument("filename"); do_listing($arg); sub do_listing { my($fname) = @_; if (! validate_name($fname)) { print "Error: name is not well-formed!\n"; return; } # build command my $cmd = "/bin/ls -l $fname"; system($cmd); } sub validate_name { my($name) = @_; if ($name =~ /^[\w\-]+$/) { return(1); } else { return(0); } }
Bad · Perl
if ($name =~ /^\w[\w\-]+$/) ...
Good · Perl
CVE ID 标题 CVSS 风险等级 Published
CVE-2025-6945 GitLab 命令注入漏洞 — GitLab 3.5 Low 2025-11-15
CVE-2025-46427 Dell SmartFabric OS10 Software 命令注入漏洞 — SmartFabric OS10 Software 8.8 High 2025-11-12
CVE-2025-46428 Dell SmartFabric OS10 Software 命令注入漏洞 — SmartFabric OS10 Software 8.8 High 2025-11-12
CVE-2025-62222 Microsoft Visual Studio Code 命令注入漏洞 — Microsoft Visual Studio Code CoPilot Chat Extension 8.8 High 2025-11-11
CVE-2025-62214 Microsoft Visual Studio 命令注入漏洞 — Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.14 6.7 Medium 2025-11-11
CVE-2025-9223 ZOHO ManageEngine Applications Manager 安全漏洞 — ManageEngine Applications Manager 8.8 High 2025-11-11
CVE-2025-12155 Google Looker 安全漏洞 — Looker 8.8 - 2025-11-10
CVE-2025-12916 Sangfor Operation and Maintenance Security 命令注入漏洞 — Operation and Maintenance Security Management System 6.3 Medium 2025-11-08
CVE-2025-46365 Dell CloudLink 命令注入漏洞 — CloudLink 5.3 Medium 2025-11-05
CVE-2025-1549 WatchGuard Mobile VPN with SSL client 安全漏洞 — Mobile VPN with SSL Client 6.3 Medium 2025-10-29
CVE-2025-12313 D-Link DI-7001 MINI 命令注入漏洞 — DI-7001 MINI 6.3 Medium 2025-10-27
CVE-2025-58428 Veeder-Root TLS4B Automatic Tank Gauge System 命令注入漏洞 — TLS4B Automatic Tank Gauge System 9.9 Critical 2025-10-23
CVE-2025-41721 Sauter modu680-AS 命令注入漏洞 — modulo 6 devices modu680-AS 2.7 Low 2025-10-22
CVE-2025-10020 ZOHO ManageEngine ADManager Plus 安全漏洞 — ManageEngine ADManager Plus 8.5 High 2025-10-21
CVE-2025-62696 MediaWiki - Springboard Extension 安全漏洞 — Mediawiki Foundation - Springboard Extension 9.8AI Critical AI 2025-10-21
CVE-2025-58132 Zoom Clients for Windows 安全漏洞 — Zoom Clients for Windows 4.1 Medium 2025-10-15
CVE-2025-34267 Flowise 安全漏洞 — Flowise 9.9AI Critical AI 2025-10-14
CVE-2025-59286 Microsoft 365 Copilot Business Chat 命令注入漏洞 — Microsoft 365 Copilot's Business Chat 9.3 Critical 2025-10-09
CVE-2025-59272 Microsoft 365 Copilot Business Chat 命令注入漏洞 — Microsoft 365 Copilot's Business Chat 9.3 Critical 2025-10-09
CVE-2025-59252 Microsoft 365 Word Copilot 命令注入漏洞 — Microsoft 365 Word Copilot 9.3 Critical 2025-10-09
CVE-2025-11523 Tenda AC7 命令注入漏洞 — AC7 6.3 Medium 2025-10-09
CVE-2025-11488 D-Link DIR-852 命令注入漏洞 — DIR-852 7.3 High 2025-10-08
CVE-2025-61787 Deno 命令注入漏洞 — deno 8.1 High 2025-10-08
CVE-2025-11335 D-Link DI-7100G 命令注入漏洞 — DI-7100G C1 4.7 Medium 2025-10-06
CVE-2025-11331 IdeaCMS 命令注入漏洞 — IdeaCMS 4.7 Medium 2025-10-06
CVE-2025-11303 Belkin F9K1015 安全漏洞 — F9K1015 6.3 Medium 2025-10-05
CVE-2025-11298 Belkin F9K1015 安全漏洞 — F9K1015 6.3 Medium 2025-10-05
CVE-2025-11292 Belkin F9K1015 安全漏洞 — F9K1015 6.3 Medium 2025-10-05
CVE-2025-59741 AndSoft e-TMS 命令注入漏洞 — e-TMS 8.8 - 2025-10-02
CVE-2025-59740 AndSoft e-TMS 命令注入漏洞 — e-TMS 9.8 - 2025-10-02

CWE-77（在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入)） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1382 条 CVE 漏洞。