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CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类漏洞列表 1237

CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类弱点 1237 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-77即命令注入，属于输入验证缺陷。攻击者通过构造包含特殊字符的恶意输入，篡改后端系统命令，从而执行任意指令或获取敏感数据。开发者应避免直接拼接用户输入，需采用白名单过滤、参数化调用或安全API替代系统命令执行，确保输入被严格限制在预期范围内，从源头阻断注入风险。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-77 命令注入（Command Injection）中特殊元素的不当中和 英文：产品使用来自上游组件的外部影响输入来构造命令的全部或部分内容，但在将命令发送给下游组件时，未对可能修改预期命令的特殊元素进行中和，或中和不当。 许多协议和产品拥有其自定义的命令语言。尽管操作系统（OS）或 Shell 命令字符串常被发现并作为攻击目标，但开发人员可能未意识到这些其他命令语言也可能易受攻击。
常见影响 (1)
Integrity, Confidentiality, AvailabilityExecute Unauthorized Code or Commands
If a malicious user injects a character (such as a semi-colon) that delimits the end of one command and the beginning of another, it may be possible to then insert an entirely new and unrelated command that was not intended to be executed. This gives an attacker a privilege or capability that they w…
缓解措施 (5)
Architecture and DesignIf at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
ImplementationIf possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
ImplementationAssume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
OperationRun time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
System ConfigurationAssign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
代码示例 (2)
Consider a "CWE Differentiator" application that uses an an LLM generative AI based "chatbot" to explain the difference between two weaknesses. As input, it accepts two CWE IDs, constructs a prompt string, sends the prompt to the chatbot, and prints the results. The prompt string effectively acts as a command to the chatbot component. Assume that invokeChatbot() calls the chatbot and returns the …
prompt = "Explain the difference between {} and {}".format(arg1, arg2) result = invokeChatbot(prompt) resultHTML = encodeForHTML(result) print resultHTML
Bad · Python
Explain the difference between CWE-77 and CWE-78
Informative
Consider the following program. It intends to perform an "ls -l" on an input filename. The validate_name() subroutine performs validation on the input to make sure that only alphanumeric and "-" characters are allowed, which avoids path traversal (CWE-22) and OS command injection (CWE-78) weaknesses. Only filenames like "abc" or "d-e-f" are intended to be allowed.
my $arg = GetArgument("filename"); do_listing($arg); sub do_listing { my($fname) = @_; if (! validate_name($fname)) { print "Error: name is not well-formed!\n"; return; } # build command my $cmd = "/bin/ls -l $fname"; system($cmd); } sub validate_name { my($name) = @_; if ($name =~ /^[\w\-]+$/) { return(1); } else { return(0); } }
Bad · Perl
if ($name =~ /^\w[\w\-]+$/) ...
Good · Perl
CVE ID标题CVSS风险等级Published
CVE-2018-3786 egg-scripts 命令注入漏洞 — egg-scripts 9.8 -2018-08-24
CVE-2018-0427 Cisco Digital Network Architecture Center 命令注入漏洞 — Digital Network Architecture (DNA) Center 8.8 -2018-08-15
CVE-2018-3779 active-support ruby gem 安全漏洞 — active-support ruby gem 9.8 -2018-08-10
CVE-2018-9866 SonicWall Global Management System 安全漏洞 — Global Management System (GMS) 9.8 -2018-08-03
CVE-2016-8628 Ansible 命令注入漏洞 — Ansible 9.1 -2018-07-31
CVE-2018-3772 whereis npm模块安全漏洞 — whereis 9.8 -2018-07-30
CVE-2018-0344 Cisco SD-WAN Solution 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco SD-WAN Solution unknown 8.8 -2018-07-18
CVE-2018-0347 Cisco SD-WAN Solution Zero Touch Provisioning子系统命令注入漏洞 — Cisco SD-WAN Solution unknown 7.8 -2018-07-18
CVE-2018-0348 Cisco SD-WAN Solution 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco SD-WAN Solution unknown 8.8 -2018-07-18
CVE-2018-0350 Cisco SD-WAN Solution 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco SD-WAN Solution unknown 8.8 -2018-07-18
CVE-2018-0351 Cisco SD-WAN Solution 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco SD-WAN Solution unknown 7.8 -2018-07-18
CVE-2018-0341 Cisco IP Phone 6800、7800和8800系列命令注入漏洞 — Cisco IP Phone 6800, 7800, and 8800 unknown 8.8 -2018-07-16
CVE-2016-6558 ASUS RP-AC52 Access Point 命令注入漏洞 — RP-AC52 Access Point 9.8 -2018-07-13
CVE-2018-12465 Micro Focus Secure Messaging Gateway Web administration组件操作系统命令注入漏洞 — Secure Messaging Gateway 7.2 -2018-06-29
CVE-2011-4182 Micro Focus SUSE Linux Enterprise sysconfig 安全漏洞 — sysconfig 9.8 -2018-06-12
CVE-2017-12075 Synology DiskStation Manager EZ-Internet 命令注入漏洞 — DiskStation Manager (DSM) 8.8 -2018-06-08
CVE-2017-12078 Synology Router Manager EZ-Internet 命令注入漏洞 — Synology Router Manager (SRM) 8.8 -2018-06-08
CVE-2018-3746 pdfinfojs NPM模块命令注入漏洞 — pdfinfojs 9.8 -2018-06-01
CVE-2018-1111 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 命令注入漏洞 — dhcp 7.5 -2018-05-17
CVE-2018-0324 Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software CLI 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco Enterprise NFV Infrastructure Software 6.7 -2018-05-17
CVE-2017-0915 GitLab Community Edition 安全漏洞 — GitLab Community and Enterprise Editions 8.8 -2018-03-21
CVE-2017-0916 GitLab Community Edition 安全漏洞 — GitLab Community and Enterprise Editions 9.8 -2018-03-21
CVE-2018-0217 Cisco ASR 5000 Series Aggregation Services Routers StarOS操作系统CLI 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco StarOS 6.7 -2018-03-08
CVE-2018-0224 Cisco ASR 5000 Series Aggregation Services Routers StarOS操作系统命令注入漏洞 — Cisco StarOS 6.7 -2018-03-08
CVE-2018-5439 Nortek Linear eMerge E3 series 命令注入漏洞 — Nortek Linear eMerge E3 Series 9.8 -2018-02-19
CVE-2017-15889 Synology DiskStation Manager 命令注入漏洞 — DiskStation Manager (DSM) 8.8 -2017-12-04
CVE-2017-12329 多款Cisco产品Multilayer Director Switches和Firepower Extensible Operating System 安全漏洞 — Cisco FXOS and NX-OS 8.7 -2017-11-30
CVE-2017-12330 Cisco产品Cisco NX-OS System Software 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco Nexus Series Switches 8.7 -2017-11-30
CVE-2017-12335 多款Cisco产品Cisco NX-OS System Software 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco NX-OS 8.7 -2017-11-30
CVE-2017-12339 多款Cisco产品Cisco NX-OS System Software 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco NX-OS 8.7 -2017-11-30

CWE-77（在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入)） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1237 条 CVE 漏洞。