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CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类漏洞列表 1471

CWE-77 在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入) 类弱点 1471 条 CVE 漏洞汇总，含 AI 中文分析。

CWE-77即命令注入，属于输入验证缺陷。攻击者通过构造包含特殊字符的恶意输入，篡改后端系统命令，从而执行任意指令或获取敏感数据。开发者应避免直接拼接用户输入，需采用白名单过滤、参数化调用或安全API替代系统命令执行，确保输入被严格限制在预期范围内，从源头阻断注入风险。

MITRE CWE 官方描述
CWE：CWE-77 命令注入（Command Injection）中特殊元素的不当中和 英文：产品使用来自上游组件的外部影响输入来构造命令的全部或部分内容，但在将命令发送给下游组件时，未对可能修改预期命令的特殊元素进行中和，或中和不当。 许多协议和产品拥有其自定义的命令语言。尽管操作系统（OS）或 Shell 命令字符串常被发现并作为攻击目标，但开发人员可能未意识到这些其他命令语言也可能易受攻击。
常见影响 (1)
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
If a malicious user injects a character (such as a semi-colon) that delimits the end of one command and the beginning of another, it may be possible to then insert an entirely new and unrelated command that was not intended to be executed. This gives an attacker a privilege or capability that they w…
缓解措施 (5)
Architecture and Design If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Implementation If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Operation Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
System Configuration Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
代码示例 (2)
Consider a "CWE Differentiator" application that uses an an LLM generative AI based "chatbot" to explain the difference between two weaknesses. As input, it accepts two CWE IDs, constructs a prompt string, sends the prompt to the chatbot, and prints the results. The prompt string effectively acts as a command to the chatbot component. Assume that invokeChatbot() calls the chatbot and returns the …
prompt = "Explain the difference between {} and {}".format(arg1, arg2) result = invokeChatbot(prompt) resultHTML = encodeForHTML(result) print resultHTML
Bad · Python
Explain the difference between CWE-77 and CWE-78
Informative
Consider the following program. It intends to perform an "ls -l" on an input filename. The validate_name() subroutine performs validation on the input to make sure that only alphanumeric and "-" characters are allowed, which avoids path traversal (CWE-22) and OS command injection (CWE-78) weaknesses. Only filenames like "abc" or "d-e-f" are intended to be allowed.
my $arg = GetArgument("filename"); do_listing($arg); sub do_listing { my($fname) = @_; if (! validate_name($fname)) { print "Error: name is not well-formed!\n"; return; } # build command my $cmd = "/bin/ls -l $fname"; system($cmd); } sub validate_name { my($name) = @_; if ($name =~ /^[\w\-]+$/) { return(1); } else { return(0); } }
Bad · Perl
if ($name =~ /^\w[\w\-]+$/) ...
Good · Perl
CVE ID 标题 CVSS 风险等级 Published
CVE-2020-8188 Ubiquiti UniFi Protect 命令注入漏洞 — Protect for UniFi Cloud Key Gen2 Plus, UniFi Dream Machine Pro, UNVR 8.8 - 2020-07-02
CVE-2020-4059 mversion 命令注入漏洞 — mversion 7.3 High 2020-06-18
CVE-2020-3276 多款Cisco产品命令注入漏洞 — Cisco Small Business RV Series Router Firmware 7.2 - 2020-06-18
CVE-2020-3275 多款Cisco产品命令注入漏洞 — Cisco Small Business RV Series Router Firmware 7.2 - 2020-06-18
CVE-2020-3274 多款Cisco产品命令注入漏洞 — Cisco Small Business RV Series Router Firmware 7.2 - 2020-06-18
CVE-2020-3279 多款Cisco产品命令注入漏洞 — Cisco Small Business RV Series Router Firmware 7.2 - 2020-06-18
CVE-2020-3278 多款Cisco产品命令注入漏洞 — Cisco Small Business RV Series Router Firmware 7.2 - 2020-06-18
CVE-2020-3277 多款Cisco产品命令注入漏洞 — Cisco Small Business RV Series Router Firmware 7.2 - 2020-06-18
CVE-2020-5299 October CMS 命令注入漏洞 — october 4.0 Medium 2020-06-03
CVE-2020-3224 Cisco IOS XE 操作系统命令注入漏洞 — Cisco IOS XE Software 16.11.1 8.8 - 2020-06-03
CVE-2020-3219 Cisco IOS XE Software 输入验证错误漏洞 — Cisco IOS XE Software 16.1.1 8.8 - 2020-06-03
CVE-2020-3212 Cisco IOS XE 操作系统命令注入漏洞 — Cisco IOS XE Software 16.11.1 8.8 - 2020-06-03
CVE-2020-3211 Cisco IOS XE 操作系统命令注入漏洞 — Cisco IOS XE Software 16.10.1 7.2 - 2020-06-03
CVE-2020-3210 Cisco 809 Industrial ISRs、829 Industrial ISRs和Cisco 1000 Series Connected Grid Routers IOS Software 操作系统命令注入漏洞 — Cisco IOS 12.2(60)EZ16 6.7 - 2020-06-03
CVE-2020-3207 Cisco IOS XE 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco IOS XE Software 16.9.2 6.7 - 2020-06-03
CVE-2020-8171 Ubiquiti Networks AirOS 操作系统命令注入漏洞 — AirMax AirOS for TI, XW and XM boards 9.8 - 2020-05-26
CVE-2020-11073 Virtualenv 路径遍历漏洞 — zsh-autoswitch-virtualenv 7.9 High 2020-05-13
CVE-2019-5623 Accellion File Transfer Appliance 操作系统命令注入漏洞 — File Transfer Appliance 9.8 - 2020-04-29
CVE-2019-16011 Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software CLI 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software 7.8 - 2020-04-29
CVE-2019-17101 Netatmo Smart Indoor Camera 命令命令注入漏洞 — Smart Indoor Camera 5.7 Medium 2020-04-23
CVE-2019-14868 ksh 命令注入漏洞 — ksh 7.4 High 2020-04-02
CVE-2019-16012 Cisco SD-WAN Solution vManage SQL注入漏洞 — Cisco vManage Software 8.1 - 2020-03-19
CVE-2020-3266 Cisco SD-WAN Solution CLI 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco SD-WAN Solution 7.8 - 2020-03-19
CVE-2020-1980 Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS 操作系统命令注入漏洞 — PAN-OS 7.8 High 2020-03-11
CVE-2020-3176 Cisco Remote PHY 120、Remote PHY 220和Remote PHY Shelf 7200 命令注入漏洞 — Cisco Remote PHY 6.7 - 2020-03-04
CVE-2019-15609 kill-port-process package 操作系统命令注入漏洞 — kill-port-process 9.8 - 2020-02-28
CVE-2019-16005 Cisco Webex Video Mesh Software 注入漏洞 — Cisco Webex Video Mesh 7.2 - 2020-01-26
CVE-2019-12629 Cisco SD-WAN Solution 注入漏洞 — Cisco SD-WAN Solution 8.8 - 2020-01-26
CVE-2019-17148 Corel Parallels Desktop 命令注入漏洞 — Desktop 7.8 - 2020-01-07
CVE-2019-15575 GitLab 注入漏洞 — GitLab CE/EE 9.8 - 2019-12-18

CWE-77（在命令中使用的特殊元素转义处理不恰当(命令注入)） 是常见的弱点类别，本平台收录该类弱点关联的 1471 条 CVE 漏洞。