CWE-79 (在Web页面生成时对输入的转义处理不恰当(跨站脚本)) — Vulnerability Class 23852

23852 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-79 (在Web页面生成时对输入的转义处理不恰当(跨站脚本)). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-79 represents a critical input validation weakness where software fails to properly sanitize user-supplied data before rendering it in web pages. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious scripts, often JavaScript, into trusted websites. When other users view the compromised page, the embedded code executes in their browsers, allowing the attacker to steal session cookies, hijack accounts, or redirect victims to phishing sites. This breach of trust undermines user privacy and application integrity. To prevent such attacks, developers must implement robust input validation and output encoding strategies. By strictly filtering incoming data and ensuring that all dynamic content is properly escaped before being processed by the browser, developers can neutralize dangerous inputs and effectively mitigate the risk of cross-site scripting vulnerabilities.

MITRE CWE Description

The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users. There are many variants of cross-site scripting, characterized by a variety of terms or involving different attack topologies. However, they all indicate the same fundamental weakness: improper neutralization of dangerous input between the adversary and a victim.

Common Consequences (3)

Access Control, Confidentiality Bypass Protection Mechanism, Read Application Data

The most common attack performed with cross-site scripting involves the disclosure of private information stored in user cookies, such as session information. Typically, a malicious user will craft a client-side script, which -- when parsed by a web browser -- performs some activity on behalf of the…

Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands

In some circumstances it may be possible to run arbitrary code on a victim's computer when cross-site scripting is combined with other flaws, for example, "drive-by hacking."

Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability, Access Control Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands, Bypass Protection Mechanism, Read Application Data

The consequence of an XSS attack is the same regardless of whether it is stored or reflected. The difference is in how the payload arrives at the server. XSS can cause a variety of problems for the end user that range in severity from an annoyance to complete account compromise. Some cross-site scri…

Mitigations (5)

Architecture and Design Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482]. Examples of libraries and frameworks that make it easier to generate properly encoded output include Microsoft's Anti-XSS library, the OWASP ESAPI Encoding module, and Apache Wicket.

Implementation, Architecture and Design Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required e…

Architecture and Design, Implementation Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly throug…

Effectiveness: Limited

Architecture and Design For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Architecture and Design If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.

Examples (2)

The following code displays a welcome message on a web page based on the HTTP GET username parameter (covers a Reflected XSS (Type 1) scenario).

$username = $_GET['username']; echo '<div class="header"> Welcome, ' . $username . '</div>';

Bad · PHP

http://trustedSite.example.com/welcome.php?username=<Script Language="Javascript">alert("You've been attacked!");</Script>

Attack

The following code displays a Reflected XSS (Type 1) scenario.

<% String eid = request.getParameter("eid"); %> ... Employee ID: <%= eid %>

Bad · JSP

<% protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.TextBox Login; protected System.Web.UI.WebControls.Label EmployeeID; ... EmployeeID.Text = Login.Text; %> <p><asp:label id="EmployeeID" runat="server" /></p>

Bad · ASP.NET

CVE ID	Title	CVSS	Severity	Published
CVE-2020-15177	Unauthenticated Stored XSS in GLPI — glpi	8.0	High	2020-10-07
CVE-2020-15231	Cross-site scripting attack in mapfish-print — mapfish-print	9.3	Critical	2020-10-02
CVE-2020-8238	Pulse Secure Pulse Connect Secure和Pulse Policy Secure 跨站脚本漏洞 — Pulse Connect Secure/ Pulse Policy Secure	5.4	-	2020-09-29
CVE-2020-16242	GE Reason S20 Ethernet Switch — Reason S20 Ethernet Switch	6.1	-	2020-09-25
CVE-2020-15162	Stored XSS in PrestaShop — PrestaShop	5.4	Medium	2020-09-24
CVE-2020-15161	Potential XSS in PrestaShop — PrestaShop	5.4	Medium	2020-09-24
CVE-2020-8348	Lenovo Enterprise Network Disk 跨站脚本漏洞 — Enterprise Network Disk	6.1	Medium	2020-09-24
CVE-2020-8347	Lenovo Enterprise Network Disk 跨站脚本漏洞 — Enterprise Network Disk	6.1	Medium	2020-09-24
CVE-2019-15969	Cisco Web Security Appliance Management Interface Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability — Cisco Web Security Appliance (WSA)	6.1	-	2020-09-23
CVE-2019-16025	Cisco Emergency Responder Stored Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability — Cisco Emergency Responder	5.4	-	2020-09-23
CVE-2020-3137	Cisco Email Security Appliance Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability — Cisco Email Security Appliance (ESA)	6.1	-	2020-09-23
CVE-2020-8245	Citrix Systems 多款产品跨站脚本漏洞 — Citrix ADC, Citrix Gateway	8.8	-	2020-09-18
CVE-2020-15183	Reflected XSS leading to RCE in SoyCMS — soycms	8.4	High	2020-09-17
CVE-2020-10748	Red Hat Keycloak 跨站脚本漏洞 — keycloak	6.1	-	2020-09-16
CVE-2020-15179	HTML Injection in ScratchSig — wiki-scratchsig	8.0	High	2020-09-15
CVE-2020-15178	Potential XSS in PrestaShop contactform — contactform	8.0	High	2020-09-15
CVE-2020-8340	IBM BladeCenter 跨站脚本漏洞 — System x IMM2 firmware for: x240, Machine Types: 7162, 2588; x440, Machine Type 7167, 2590 ; x3750 M4, Machine Type: 8753 ; x3250 M6, Machine type 3633, 3943 ; nx360 M5, Machine type 5465, 5467 ; x280/x480/x880 X6 , Machine Type 7196, 4258 ; x3850 X6 and x3950 X6, Machine type 6241 ; x3550 M5, Machine Type 5463, 8869 ; x3650 M5, Machine Type 5462, 8871; x3500 M5, Machine Type 5464, 5478	6.3	Medium	2020-09-15
CVE-2020-15169	XSS in Action View — actionview	5.4	Medium	2020-09-11
CVE-2020-16218	Philips Patient Monitoring Devices Cross-site Scripting — Patient Information Center iX (PICiX)	4.3	-	2020-09-11
CVE-2020-9734	Stored XSS in AEM Forms component — Experience Manager	9.0	Critical	2020-09-10
CVE-2020-9742	Reflected XSS in AEM Inbox module — Experience Manager	9.0	Critical	2020-09-10
CVE-2020-9741	Stored XSS in AEM Forms Components — Experience Manager	9.0	Critical	2020-09-10
CVE-2020-9736	Stored XSS in AEM's Content Repository Development Environment — Experience Manager	6.8	Medium	2020-09-10
CVE-2020-9735	Stored XSS in AEM's Content Repository Development Environment — Experience Manager	6.8	Medium	2020-09-10
CVE-2020-9732	Stored XSS in AEM Sites Components — Experience Manager	9.0	Critical	2020-09-10
CVE-2020-9738	Stored XSS in AEM's Content Repository Development Environment — Experience Manager	6.8	Medium	2020-09-10
CVE-2020-9737	Stored XSS in AEM's Content Repository Development Environment — Experience Manager	6.8	Medium	2020-09-10
CVE-2020-9740	Stored XSS in AEM Design Importer Component — Experience Manager	9.0	Critical	2020-09-10
CVE-2020-2036	PAN-OS: Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in management web interface — PAN-OS	8.8	High	2020-09-09
CVE-2019-11928	WhatsApp 跨站脚本漏洞 — WhatsApp Desktop	6.1	-	2020-09-03

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-79 (在Web页面生成时对输入的转义处理不恰当(跨站脚本)) represent 23852 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.