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CWE-94 (对生成代码的控制不恰当(代码注入)) — Vulnerability Class 2063

2063 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-94 (对生成代码的控制不恰当(代码注入)). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-94 represents a critical code injection weakness where software constructs executable code using untrusted input without proper sanitization. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious scripts or commands into user-supplied fields, such as web forms or API parameters, which the application then executes directly. This allows adversaries to bypass security controls, steal sensitive data, or gain unauthorized administrative access to the underlying system. To prevent such exploits, developers must rigorously validate and sanitize all external inputs, ensuring that only expected characters are processed. Implementing strict allow-listing strategies, utilizing parameterized queries for database interactions, and avoiding dynamic code execution functions like eval() are essential defensive measures. By treating all user input as potentially hostile and applying robust encoding techniques, organizations can effectively neutralize injection vectors and maintain application integrity.

MITRE CWE Description
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
Common Consequences (4)
Access Control Bypass Protection Mechanism
In some cases, injectable code controls authentication; this may lead to a remote vulnerability.
Access Control Gain Privileges or Assume Identity
Injected code can access resources that the attacker is directly prevented from accessing.
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
When a product allows a user's input to contain code syntax, it might be possible for an attacker to craft the code in such a way that it will alter the intended control flow of the product. As a result, code injection can often result in the execution of arbitrary code. Code injection attacks can…
Non-Repudiation Hide Activities
Often the actions performed by injected control code are unlogged.
Mitigations (5)
Architecture and Design Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Architecture and Design Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product. Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection. This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating s…
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Testing Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Operation Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Examples (2)
This example attempts to write user messages to a message file and allow users to view them.
$MessageFile = "messages.out"; if ($_GET["action"] == "NewMessage") { $name = $_GET["name"]; $message = $_GET["message"]; $handle = fopen($MessageFile, "a+"); fwrite($handle, "<b>$name</b> says '$message'<hr>\n"); fclose($handle); echo "Message Saved!<p>\n"; } else if ($_GET["action"] == "ViewMessages") { include($MessageFile); }
Bad · PHP
name=h4x0r message=%3C?php%20system(%22/bin/ls%20-l%22);?%3E
Attack
edit-config.pl: This CGI script is used to modify settings in a configuration file.
use CGI qw(:standard); sub config_file_add_key { my ($fname, $key, $arg) = @_; # code to add a field/key to a file goes here } sub config_file_set_key { my ($fname, $key, $arg) = @_; # code to set key to a particular file goes here } sub config_file_delete_key { my ($fname, $key, $arg) = @_; # code to delete key from a particular file goes here } sub handleConfigAction { my ($fname, $action) = @_; my $key = param('key'); my $val = param('val'); # this is super-efficient code, especially if you have to invoke # any one of dozens of different functions! my $code = "config_file_$action_key(\$fnam
Bad · Perl
add_key(",","); system("/bin/ls");
Attack
CVE ID Title CVSS Severity Published
CVE-2023-6691 Code Injection vulnerability in Cambium ePMP Force 300-25 — ePMP Force 300-25 7.8 High 2023-12-18
CVE-2023-6899 rmountjoy92 DashMachine Config save_config code injection — DashMachine 4.3 Medium 2023-12-17
CVE-2023-6886 xnx3 wangmarket Role Management Page code injection — wangmarket 4.7 Medium 2023-12-17
CVE-2023-6851 kalcaddle KodExplorer ZIP Archive app.php unzipList code injection — KodExplorer 6.3 Medium 2023-12-16
CVE-2023-5512 Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in GitLab — GitLab 4.8 Medium 2023-12-15
CVE-2023-6051 Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in GitLab — GitLab 5.7 Medium 2023-12-15
CVE-2023-6553 Backup Migration <= 1.3.7 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution — BackupBliss – Backup & Migration with Free Cloud Storage 9.8 Critical 2023-12-15
CVE-2023-48390 Multisuns EasyLog web+ - Command Injection — EasyLog web+ 9.8 Critical 2023-12-15
CVE-2023-50710 Hono's named path parameters can be overridden in TrieRouter — hono 4.2 Medium 2023-12-14
CVE-2023-5500 Frauscher: FDS102 for FAdC/FAdCi remote code execution vulnerability — FDS102 for FAdC/FAdCi 8.8 High 2023-12-11
CVE-2023-49070 Pre-auth RCE in Apache Ofbiz 18.12.09 due to XML-RPC still present — Apache OFBiz 9.8 - 2023-12-05
CVE-2023-49093 HtmlUnit vulnerable to Remote Code Execution (RCE) via XSTL — htmlunit 9.8 Critical 2023-12-04
CVE-2023-44381 October CMS safe mode bypass using Page template injection — october 4.9 Medium 2023-12-01
CVE-2023-44382 October CMS safe mode bypass using Twig sandbox escape — october 9.1 Critical 2023-12-01
CVE-2023-5226 Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') in GitLab — GitLab 4.8 Medium 2023-12-01
CVE-2021-22150 Kibana code execution issue — Kibana 6.6 Medium 2023-11-22
CVE-2023-6188 GetSimpleCMS theme-edit.php code injection — GetSimpleCMS 4.7 Medium 2023-11-17
CVE-2023-6016 H2O Remote Code Execution via POJO Model Import — h2oai/h2o-3 8.8 - 2023-11-16
CVE-2023-48217 Remote code execution via form uploads in statamic/cms — cms 8.8 High 2023-11-14
CVE-2023-36437 Azure DevOps Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — Azure Pipelines Agent 8.8 High 2023-11-14
CVE-2023-6131 Code Injection in salesagility/suitecrm — salesagility/suitecrm 2.7 - 2023-11-14
CVE-2023-6126 Code Injection in salesagility/suitecrm — salesagility/suitecrm 2.7 - 2023-11-14
CVE-2023-6125 Code Injection in salesagility/suitecrm — salesagility/suitecrm 2.7 - 2023-11-14
CVE-2023-5550 Moodle: rce due to lfi risk in some misconfigured shared hosting environments 6.5 Medium 2023-11-09
CVE-2023-5540 Moodle: authenticated remote code execution risk in imscp 4.7 Medium 2023-11-09
CVE-2023-5539 Moodle: authenticated remote code execution risk in lesson 4.7 Medium 2023-11-09
CVE-2023-45849 Arbitrary Code Execution in Helix Core — Helix Core 9.0 Critical 2023-11-08
CVE-2023-46243 Code execution via the edit action in XWiki platform — xwiki-platform 10.0 Critical 2023-11-07
CVE-2023-46242 Code injection in XWiki Platform — xwiki-platform 9.7 Critical 2023-11-07
CVE-2023-46731 Remote code execution through the section parameter in Administration as guest in XWiki Platform — xwiki-platform 10.0 Critical 2023-11-06

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-94 (对生成代码的控制不恰当(代码注入)) represent 2063 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.