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CWE-94 (对生成代码的控制不恰当(代码注入)) — Vulnerability Class 2060

2060 vulnerabilities classified as CWE-94 (对生成代码的控制不恰当(代码注入)). AI Chinese analysis included.

CWE-94 represents a critical code injection weakness where software constructs executable code using untrusted input without proper sanitization. Attackers typically exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious scripts or commands into user-supplied fields, such as web forms or API parameters, which the application then executes directly. This allows adversaries to bypass security controls, steal sensitive data, or gain unauthorized administrative access to the underlying system. To prevent such exploits, developers must rigorously validate and sanitize all external inputs, ensuring that only expected characters are processed. Implementing strict allow-listing strategies, utilizing parameterized queries for database interactions, and avoiding dynamic code execution functions like eval() are essential defensive measures. By treating all user input as potentially hostile and applying robust encoding techniques, organizations can effectively neutralize injection vectors and maintain application integrity.

MITRE CWE Description
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
Common Consequences (4)
Access Control Bypass Protection Mechanism
In some cases, injectable code controls authentication; this may lead to a remote vulnerability.
Access Control Gain Privileges or Assume Identity
Injected code can access resources that the attacker is directly prevented from accessing.
Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
When a product allows a user's input to contain code syntax, it might be possible for an attacker to craft the code in such a way that it will alter the intended control flow of the product. As a result, code injection can often result in the execution of arbitrary code. Code injection attacks can…
Non-Repudiation Hide Activities
Often the actions performed by injected control code are unlogged.
Mitigations (5)
Architecture and Design Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Architecture and Design Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product. Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection. This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating s…
Implementation Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range…
Testing Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Operation Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Examples (2)
This example attempts to write user messages to a message file and allow users to view them.
$MessageFile = "messages.out"; if ($_GET["action"] == "NewMessage") { $name = $_GET["name"]; $message = $_GET["message"]; $handle = fopen($MessageFile, "a+"); fwrite($handle, "<b>$name</b> says '$message'<hr>\n"); fclose($handle); echo "Message Saved!<p>\n"; } else if ($_GET["action"] == "ViewMessages") { include($MessageFile); }
Bad · PHP
name=h4x0r message=%3C?php%20system(%22/bin/ls%20-l%22);?%3E
Attack
edit-config.pl: This CGI script is used to modify settings in a configuration file.
use CGI qw(:standard); sub config_file_add_key { my ($fname, $key, $arg) = @_; # code to add a field/key to a file goes here } sub config_file_set_key { my ($fname, $key, $arg) = @_; # code to set key to a particular file goes here } sub config_file_delete_key { my ($fname, $key, $arg) = @_; # code to delete key from a particular file goes here } sub handleConfigAction { my ($fname, $action) = @_; my $key = param('key'); my $val = param('val'); # this is super-efficient code, especially if you have to invoke # any one of dozens of different functions! my $code = "config_file_$action_key(\$fnam
Bad · Perl
add_key(",","); system("/bin/ls");
Attack
CVE ID Title CVSS Severity Published
CVE-2021-39144 XStream is vulnerable to a Remote Command Execution attack — xstream 8.5 High 2021-08-23
CVE-2021-3615 Lenovo Smart Camera 代码注入漏洞 — Smart Camera X3, X5, and C2E firmware 6.6 Medium 2021-08-17
CVE-2021-32829 Post-authentication Remote Code Execution (RCE) in ZStack REST API — zstack 9.6 Critical 2021-08-17
CVE-2021-32809 Arbitrary HTML injection vulnerability in ckeditor — ckeditor4 4.6 Medium 2021-08-12
CVE-2021-37626 PHP file inclusion via insert tags — contao 7.2 High 2021-08-11
CVE-2021-37694 Code injection issue for java-spring-cloud-stream-template — java-spring-cloud-stream-template 8.7 High 2021-08-11
CVE-2021-36800 Akaunting OS Command Injection in 'Money.php' — Akaunting 8.7 High 2021-08-04
CVE-2021-32706 (Authenticated) Remote Code Execution Possible in Web Interface 5.5 — AdminLTE 7.6 High 2021-08-04
CVE-2021-24430 Speed Booster Pack 4.2.0-beta - Authenticated (admin+) RCE — Speed Booster Pack ⚡ PageSpeed Optimization Suite 8.8 - 2021-08-02
CVE-2017-18113 Atlassian JIRA Server和Atlassian JIRA Data Center 代码注入漏洞 — Jira Server 8.8 - 2021-08-02
CVE-2021-1518 Cisco Firepower Device Manager On-Box Software Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — Cisco Firepower Threat Defense Software 6.3 Medium 2021-07-22
CVE-2021-1585 Cisco Adaptive Security Device Manager Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software 7.5 High 2021-07-08
CVE-2021-25393 Samsung SMR 输入验证错误漏洞 — Samsung Mobile Devices 6.6 Medium 2021-06-11
CVE-2021-25415 Samsung Mobile RKP 输入验证错误漏洞 — Samsung Mobile Devices 5.5 - 2021-06-11
CVE-2021-25416 Samsung SMR 输入验证错误漏洞 — Samsung Mobile Devices 6.5 - 2021-06-11
CVE-2021-25411 Samsung SMR 输入验证错误漏洞 — Samsung Mobile Devices 4.4 - 2021-06-11
CVE-2021-32673 Remote Command Execution in reg-keygen-git-hash-plugin — reg-suit 8.8 High 2021-06-08
CVE-2021-24312 WP Super Cache < 1.7.3 - Authenticated Remote Code Execution — WP Super Cache 7.2 - 2021-06-01
CVE-2021-32621 Script injection without script or programming rights through Gadget titles — xwiki-platform 8.8 High 2021-05-28
CVE-2021-29505 XStream is vulnerable to a Remote Command Execution attack — xstream 7.5 High 2021-05-28
CVE-2021-22900 Pulse Secure Pulse Connect Secure 代码注入漏洞 — Pulse Secure Secure 6.5 - 2021-05-27
CVE-2021-22894 Pulse Secure Pulse Connect Secure 缓冲区错误漏洞 — Pulse Connect Secure 8.8 - 2021-05-27
CVE-2021-22117 Pivotal Software RabbitMQ 代码注入漏洞 — RabbitMQ 7.1 - 2021-05-18
CVE-2019-14827 Moodle 代码注入漏洞 — Moodle 6.1 - 2021-05-17
CVE-2021-29493 Kennnyshiwa-cogs vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in Tickets Module — kennnyshiwa-cogs 6.5 Medium 2021-05-06
CVE-2021-21415 Visual Studio Code Prisma Extension Remote Code Execution Vulnerability — language-tools 7.8 High 2021-04-29
CVE-2021-29475 PDF export allows arbitrary file reads — hedgedoc 10.0 Critical 2021-04-26
CVE-2021-29465 Remote file overwrite on discord-recon can result in DoS and Remote Code Execution — Discord-Recon 8.3 High 2021-04-22
CVE-2021-29461 LFI and possible code execution on discord-recon using tools arguments — Discord-Recon 8.1 High 2021-04-20
CVE-2021-29440 Twig allowing dangerous PHP functions by default — grav 8.4 High 2021-04-13

Vulnerabilities classified as CWE-94 (对生成代码的控制不恰当(代码注入)) represent 2060 CVEs. The CWE taxonomy describes the weakness; review individual CVEs for product-specific impact.