Goal Reached Thanks to every supporter — we hit 100%!

Goal: 1000 CNY · Raised: 1359 CNY

100%
Buy Us a Coffee

CVE-2023-28431— Frontier's modexp precompile is slow for even modulus

Quick assessment

Affected
paritytech frontier
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Frontier是一个 Substrate 的以太坊兼容层。用于运行未经修改的以太坊 Dapp。 Frontier存在安全漏洞。攻击者利用该漏洞执行拒绝服务攻击。

CVSS 7.5 · High EPSS 0.87% · P58

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1499 · Endpoint Denial of Service
Get alerts for future matching vulnerabilities Log in to subscribe

I. Basic Information for CVE-2023-28431

Vulnerability Information
Have questions about the vulnerability? See if Shenlong's analysis helps!
View Shenlong Deep Dive ↗

Although we use advanced large model technology, its output may still contain inaccurate or outdated information.Shenlong tries to ensure data accuracy, but please verify and judge based on the actual situation.

Vulnerability Title
Frontier's modexp precompile is slow for even modulus
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Frontier is an Ethereum compatibility layer for Substrate. Frontier's `modexp` precompile uses `num-bigint` crate under the hood. In the implementation prior to pull request 1017, the cases for modulus being even and modulus being odd are treated separately. Odd modulus uses the fast Montgomery multiplication, and even modulus uses the slow plain power algorithm. This gas cost discrepancy was not accounted for in the `modexp` precompile, leading to possible denial of service attacks. No fixes for `num-bigint` are currently available, and thus this issue is fixed in the short term by raising the gas costs for even modulus, and in the long term fixing it in `num-bigint` or switching to another modexp implementation. The short-term fix for Frontier is deployed at pull request 1017. There are no known workarounds aside from applying the fix.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
数值计算不正确
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Frontier 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Frontier是一个 Substrate 的以太坊兼容层。用于运行未经修改的以太坊 Dapp。 Frontier存在安全漏洞。攻击者利用该漏洞执行拒绝服务攻击。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
paritytech frontier <= 0.1.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2023-28431

# POC Description Source Link Shenlong Link
AI-Generated POC Premium

No public POC found.

Login to generate AI POC

III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2023-28431

请登录查看更多情报信息。

Patches & Fixes for CVE-2023-28431 (2)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2023-28431 (1)

Other References for CVE-2023-28431 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: frontier
Same vendor: paritytech
Same weakness: CWE-682

V. Comments for CVE-2023-28431

No comments yet

Leave a comment