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CVE-2023-54023— btrfs: fix race between balance and cancel/pause

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于btrfs文件系统平衡操作与取消或暂停操作之间存在竞争条件，可能导致断言失败或系统崩溃。

AI Predicted 4.4 Difficulty: Hard EPSS 0.18% · P8

Affected Version Matrix 8

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 837d5b6e46d1a4af5b6cc8f2fe83cb5de79a2961< ddf7e8984c83aee9122552529f4e77291903f8d9 affected
837d5b6e46d1a4af5b6cc8f2fe83cb5de79a2961< 72efe5d44821e38540888a5fe3ff3d0faab6acad affected
837d5b6e46d1a4af5b6cc8f2fe83cb5de79a2961< b19c98f237cd76981aaded52c258ce93f7daa8cb affected
3.3 affected
< 3.3 unaffected
6.1.42≤ 6.1.* unaffected
6.4.7≤ 6.4.* unaffected
6.5≤ * unaffected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2023-54023

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
btrfs: fix race between balance and cancel/pause
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix race between balance and cancel/pause Syzbot reported a panic that looks like this: assertion failed: fs_info->exclusive_operation == BTRFS_EXCLOP_BALANCE_PAUSED, in fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:465 ------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at fs/btrfs/messages.c:259! RIP: 0010:btrfs_assertfail+0x2c/0x30 fs/btrfs/messages.c:259 Call Trace: <TASK> btrfs_exclop_balance fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:465 [inline] btrfs_ioctl_balance fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:3564 [inline] btrfs_ioctl+0x531e/0x5b30 fs/btrfs/ioctl.c:4632 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline] __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:870 [inline] __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:856 [inline] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x197/0x210 fs/ioctl.c:856 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x39/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd The reproducer is running a balance and a cancel or pause in parallel. The way balance finishes is a bit wonky, if we were paused we need to save the balance_ctl in the fs_info, but clear it otherwise and cleanup. However we rely on the return values being specific errors, or having a cancel request or no pause request. If balance completes and returns 0, but we have a pause or cancel request we won't do the appropriate cleanup, and then the next time we try to start a balance we'll trip this ASSERT. The error handling is just wrong here, we always want to clean up, unless we got -ECANCELLED and we set the appropriate pause flag in the exclusive op. With this patch the reproducer ran for an hour without tripping, previously it would trip in less than a few minutes.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于btrfs文件系统平衡操作与取消或暂停操作之间存在竞争条件，可能导致断言失败或系统崩溃。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 837d5b6e46d1a4af5b6cc8f2fe83cb5de79a2961 ~ ddf7e8984c83aee9122552529f4e77291903f8d9 -
Linux Linux 3.3 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2023-54023

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2023-54023

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Other References for CVE-2023-54023 (2)

Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2025-12-24 · 322 CVEs total

CVE-2025-68741 9.8 CRITICAL scsi: qla2xxx: Fix improper freeing of purex item
CVE-2023-53867 9.8 CRITICAL ceph: fix potential use-after-free bug when trimming caps
CVE-2025-68726 9.8 CRITICAL crypto: aead - Fix reqsize handling
CVE-2023-54094 9.8 CRITICAL net: prevent skb corruption on frag list segmentation
CVE-2023-54090 9.8 CRITICAL ixgbe: Fix panic during XDP_TX with > 64 CPUs
CVE-2022-50717 9.8 CRITICAL nvmet-tcp: add bounds check on Transfer Tag
CVE-2023-54076 9.8 CRITICAL smb: client: fix missed ses refcounting
CVE-2025-68359 9.8 CRITICAL btrfs: fix double free of qgroup record after failure to add delayed ref head
CVE-2025-68745 9.8 CRITICAL scsi: qla2xxx: Clear cmds after chip reset
CVE-2023-53996 9.3 CRITICAL x86/sev: Make enc_dec_hypercall() accept a size instead of npages
CVE-2023-54060 8.8 HIGH iommufd: Set end correctly when doing batch carry
CVE-2025-68736 8.8 HIGH landlock: Fix handling of disconnected directories
CVE-2023-54092 8.8 HIGH KVM: s390: pv: fix index value of replaced ASCE
CVE-2023-54071 8.8 HIGH wifi: rtw88: use work to update rate to avoid RCU warning
CVE-2023-54043 8.8 HIGH iommufd: Do not add the same hwpt to the ioas->hwpt_list twice
CVE-2023-54040 8.8 HIGH ice: fix wrong fallback logic for FDIR
CVE-2023-54120 8.8 HIGH Bluetooth: Fix race condition in hidp_session_thread
CVE-2022-50732 8.8 HIGH staging: rtl8192u: Fix use after free in ieee80211_rx()
CVE-2023-53986 8.6 HIGH mips: bmips: BCM6358: disable RAC flush for TP1
CVE-2022-50746 8.4 HIGH erofs: validate the extent length for uncompressed pclusters

Showing top 20 of 322 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2023-54023

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