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CVE-2023-54086— bpf: Add preempt_count_{sub,add} into btf id deny list

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于preempt_count_sub和preempt_count_add未受保护，可能导致递归检查和栈保护页被命中。

AI Predicted 5.5 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.21% · P10

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1055 · Process Injection

Affected Version Matrix 12

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d< 095018267c87b8bfbbb12eeb1c0ebf2359e1782c affected
35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d< 60039bf72f81638baa28652a11a68e9b0b7b5b2d affected
35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d< b9168d41b83d182f34ba927ee822edaee18d5fc8 affected
35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d< c11bd046485d7bf1ca200db0e7d0bdc4bafdd395 affected
f5e770c0c60ab8812574a2e0d163b0efa816a825 affected
5.12.11< 5.13 affected
5.13 affected
< 5.13 unaffected
… +4 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2023-54086

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
bpf: Add preempt_count_{sub,add} into btf id deny list
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Add preempt_count_{sub,add} into btf id deny list The recursion check in __bpf_prog_enter* and __bpf_prog_exit* leave preempt_count_{sub,add} unprotected. When attaching trampoline to them we get panic as follows, [ 867.843050] BUG: TASK stack guard page was hit at 0000000009d325cf (stack is 0000000046a46a15..00000000537e7b28) [ 867.843064] stack guard page: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI [ 867.843067] CPU: 8 PID: 11009 Comm: trace Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.2.0+ #4 [ 867.843100] Call Trace: [ 867.843101] <TASK> [ 867.843104] asm_exc_int3+0x3a/0x40 [ 867.843108] RIP: 0010:preempt_count_sub+0x1/0xa0 [ 867.843135] __bpf_prog_enter_recur+0x17/0x90 [ 867.843148] bpf_trampoline_6442468108_0+0x2e/0x1000 [ 867.843154] ? preempt_count_sub+0x1/0xa0 [ 867.843157] preempt_count_sub+0x5/0xa0 [ 867.843159] ? migrate_enable+0xac/0xf0 [ 867.843164] __bpf_prog_exit_recur+0x2d/0x40 [ 867.843168] bpf_trampoline_6442468108_0+0x55/0x1000 ... [ 867.843788] preempt_count_sub+0x5/0xa0 [ 867.843793] ? migrate_enable+0xac/0xf0 [ 867.843829] __bpf_prog_exit_recur+0x2d/0x40 [ 867.843837] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 0000000099bd8228 (stack is 00000000b23e2bc4..000000006d95af35) [ 867.843841] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 000000005ae07924 (stack is 00000000ffd69623..0000000014eb594c) [ 867.843843] BUG: IRQ stack guard page was hit at 00000000028320f0 (stack is 00000000034b6438..0000000078d1bcec) [ 867.843842] bpf_trampoline_6442468108_0+0x55/0x1000 ... That is because in __bpf_prog_exit_recur, the preempt_count_{sub,add} are called after prog->active is decreased. Fixing this by adding these two functions into btf ids deny list.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于preempt_count_sub和preempt_count_add未受保护，可能导致递归检查和栈保护页被命中。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 35e3815fa8102fab4dee75f3547472c66581125d ~ 095018267c87b8bfbbb12eeb1c0ebf2359e1782c -
Linux Linux 5.13 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2023-54086

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2023-54086

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Other References for CVE-2023-54086 (2)

Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2025-12-24 · 322 CVEs total

CVE-2025-68741 9.8 CRITICAL scsi: qla2xxx: Fix improper freeing of purex item
CVE-2023-53867 9.8 CRITICAL ceph: fix potential use-after-free bug when trimming caps
CVE-2025-68726 9.8 CRITICAL crypto: aead - Fix reqsize handling
CVE-2025-68745 9.8 CRITICAL scsi: qla2xxx: Clear cmds after chip reset
CVE-2023-54094 9.8 CRITICAL net: prevent skb corruption on frag list segmentation
CVE-2023-54090 9.8 CRITICAL ixgbe: Fix panic during XDP_TX with > 64 CPUs
CVE-2023-54076 9.8 CRITICAL smb: client: fix missed ses refcounting
CVE-2022-50717 9.8 CRITICAL nvmet-tcp: add bounds check on Transfer Tag
CVE-2025-68359 9.8 CRITICAL btrfs: fix double free of qgroup record after failure to add delayed ref head
CVE-2023-53996 9.3 CRITICAL x86/sev: Make enc_dec_hypercall() accept a size instead of npages
CVE-2023-54071 8.8 HIGH wifi: rtw88: use work to update rate to avoid RCU warning
CVE-2023-54120 8.8 HIGH Bluetooth: Fix race condition in hidp_session_thread
CVE-2023-54043 8.8 HIGH iommufd: Do not add the same hwpt to the ioas->hwpt_list twice
CVE-2022-50732 8.8 HIGH staging: rtl8192u: Fix use after free in ieee80211_rx()
CVE-2023-54092 8.8 HIGH KVM: s390: pv: fix index value of replaced ASCE
CVE-2023-54060 8.8 HIGH iommufd: Set end correctly when doing batch carry
CVE-2025-68736 8.8 HIGH landlock: Fix handling of disconnected directories
CVE-2023-54040 8.8 HIGH ice: fix wrong fallback logic for FDIR
CVE-2023-53986 8.6 HIGH mips: bmips: BCM6358: disable RAC flush for TP1
CVE-2022-50746 8.4 HIGH erofs: validate the extent length for uncompressed pclusters

Showing top 20 of 322 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2023-54086

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