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CVE-2023-54224— btrfs: fix lockdep splat and potential deadlock after failure running delayed items

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于锁处理不当，可能导致死锁。

AI Predicted 5.5 Difficulty: Hard EPSS 0.20% · P9

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1496 · Resource Hijacking

Affected Version Matrix 10

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 506650dcb3a716ad98681f7091ba2f8e748c04b8< 779c3cf2749c7a7bad6f839cb2954a25ba92f4d6 affected
506650dcb3a716ad98681f7091ba2f8e748c04b8< 32247b9526bfdaeef85f7339d9b4f913c7370f92 affected
506650dcb3a716ad98681f7091ba2f8e748c04b8< 36d918da3f1bf749178c7daf471a3be1730ed3ca affected
506650dcb3a716ad98681f7091ba2f8e748c04b8< e110f8911ddb93e6f55da14ccbbe705397b30d0b affected
5.15 affected
< 5.15 unaffected
5.15.133≤ 5.15.* unaffected
6.1.55≤ 6.1.* unaffected
… +2 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2023-54224

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
btrfs: fix lockdep splat and potential deadlock after failure running delayed items
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix lockdep splat and potential deadlock after failure running delayed items When running delayed items we are holding a delayed node's mutex and then we will attempt to modify a subvolume btree to insert/update/delete the delayed items. However if have an error during the insertions for example, btrfs_insert_delayed_items() may return with a path that has locked extent buffers (a leaf at the very least), and then we attempt to release the delayed node at __btrfs_run_delayed_items(), which requires taking the delayed node's mutex, causing an ABBA type of deadlock. This was reported by syzbot and the lockdep splat is the following: WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected 6.5.0-rc7-syzkaller-00024-g93f5de5f648d #0 Not tainted ------------------------------------------------------ syz-executor.2/13257 is trying to acquire lock: ffff88801835c0c0 (&delayed_node->mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: __btrfs_release_delayed_node+0x9a/0xaa0 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:256 but task is already holding lock: ffff88802a5ab8e8 (btrfs-tree-00){++++}-{3:3}, at: __btrfs_tree_lock+0x3c/0x2a0 fs/btrfs/locking.c:198 which lock already depends on the new lock. the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is: -> #1 (btrfs-tree-00){++++}-{3:3}: __lock_release kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5475 [inline] lock_release+0x36f/0x9d0 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5781 up_write+0x79/0x580 kernel/locking/rwsem.c:1625 btrfs_tree_unlock_rw fs/btrfs/locking.h:189 [inline] btrfs_unlock_up_safe+0x179/0x3b0 fs/btrfs/locking.c:239 search_leaf fs/btrfs/ctree.c:1986 [inline] btrfs_search_slot+0x2511/0x2f80 fs/btrfs/ctree.c:2230 btrfs_insert_empty_items+0x9c/0x180 fs/btrfs/ctree.c:4376 btrfs_insert_delayed_item fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:746 [inline] btrfs_insert_delayed_items fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:824 [inline] __btrfs_commit_inode_delayed_items+0xd24/0x2410 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:1111 __btrfs_run_delayed_items+0x1db/0x430 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:1153 flush_space+0x269/0xe70 fs/btrfs/space-info.c:723 btrfs_async_reclaim_metadata_space+0x106/0x350 fs/btrfs/space-info.c:1078 process_one_work+0x92c/0x12c0 kernel/workqueue.c:2600 worker_thread+0xa63/0x1210 kernel/workqueue.c:2751 kthread+0x2b8/0x350 kernel/kthread.c:389 ret_from_fork+0x2e/0x60 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:145 ret_from_fork_asm+0x11/0x20 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:304 -> #0 (&delayed_node->mutex){+.+.}-{3:3}: check_prev_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3142 [inline] check_prevs_add kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3261 [inline] validate_chain kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3876 [inline] __lock_acquire+0x39ff/0x7f70 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5144 lock_acquire+0x1e3/0x520 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:5761 __mutex_lock_common+0x1d8/0x2530 kernel/locking/mutex.c:603 __mutex_lock kernel/locking/mutex.c:747 [inline] mutex_lock_nested+0x1b/0x20 kernel/locking/mutex.c:799 __btrfs_release_delayed_node+0x9a/0xaa0 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:256 btrfs_release_delayed_node fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:281 [inline] __btrfs_run_delayed_items+0x2b5/0x430 fs/btrfs/delayed-inode.c:1156 btrfs_commit_transaction+0x859/0x2ff0 fs/btrfs/transaction.c:2276 btrfs_sync_file+0xf56/0x1330 fs/btrfs/file.c:1988 vfs_fsync_range fs/sync.c:188 [inline] vfs_fsync fs/sync.c:202 [inline] do_fsync fs/sync.c:212 [inline] __do_sys_fsync fs/sync.c:220 [inline] __se_sys_fsync fs/sync.c:218 [inline] __x64_sys_fsync+0x196/0x1e0 fs/sync.c:218 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x41/0xc0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd other info that ---truncated---
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于锁处理不当，可能导致死锁。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 506650dcb3a716ad98681f7091ba2f8e748c04b8 ~ 779c3cf2749c7a7bad6f839cb2954a25ba92f4d6 -
Linux Linux 5.15 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2023-54224

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2023-54224

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Other References for CVE-2023-54224 (8)

Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2025-12-30 · 244 CVEs total

CVE-2023-54184 9.8 CRITICAL scsi: target: iscsit: Free cmds before session free
CVE-2023-54223 9.8 CRITICAL net/mlx5e: xsk: Fix invalid buffer access for legacy rq
CVE-2023-54237 9.8 CRITICAL net/smc: fix potential panic dues to unprotected smc_llc_srv_add_link()
CVE-2023-54257 9.8 CRITICAL net: macb: fix a memory corruption in extended buffer descriptor mode
CVE-2023-54258 9.8 CRITICAL cifs: fix potential oops in cifs_oplock_break
CVE-2023-54269 9.8 CRITICAL SUNRPC: double free xprt_ctxt while still in use
CVE-2023-54280 9.8 CRITICAL cifs: fix potential race when tree connecting ipc
CVE-2023-54292 9.8 CRITICAL RDMA/irdma: Fix data race on CQP request done
CVE-2023-54203 9.1 CRITICAL ksmbd: fix slab-out-of-bounds in init_smb2_rsp_hdr
CVE-2022-50880 8.8 HIGH wifi: ath10k: add peer map clean up for peer delete in ath10k_sta_state()
CVE-2023-54262 8.8 HIGH net/mlx5e: Don't clone flow post action attributes second time
CVE-2023-54214 8.8 HIGH Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix potential user-after-free
CVE-2023-54162 8.8 HIGH ksmbd: fix possible memory leak in smb2_lock()
CVE-2023-54318 8.8 HIGH net/smc: use smc_lgr_list.lock to protect smc_lgr_list.list iterate in smcr_port_add
CVE-2023-54250 8.2 HIGH ksmbd: avoid out of bounds access in decode_preauth_ctxt()
CVE-2023-54164 8.0 HIGH Bluetooth: ISO: fix iso_conn related locking and validity issues
CVE-2023-54206 7.8 HIGH net/sched: flower: fix filter idr initialization
CVE-2023-54202 7.8 HIGH drm/i915: fix race condition UAF in i915_perf_add_config_ioctl
CVE-2023-54210 7.8 HIGH Bluetooth: hci_sync: Avoid use-after-free in dbg for hci_remove_adv_monitor()
CVE-2023-54243 7.8 HIGH netfilter: ebtables: fix table blob use-after-free

Showing top 20 of 244 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

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