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CVE-2025-11850— Improper Implicit Association via User Store Initialization in WSO2 Identity Server [Identity Confusion / External IDP Use]

Quick assessment

Affected
WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

WSO2 Identity Server是美国WSO2公司开源的一款身份认证服务器。 WSO2 Identity Server 7.0.0.132之前版本和7.1.0.40之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于配置辅助用户存储时，隐式关联解析器错误地从辅助用户存储初始化，并在搜索和唯一性检查时绕过主用户存储，可能导致身份混淆和访问受限。

CVSS 4.3 · Medium EPSS 0.31% · P21

Affected Version Matrix 3

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
WSO2 Token Exchange Grant Type For OAuth 1.1.19≤ * unaffected
WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server 7.0.0< 7.0.0.132 affected
7.1.0< 7.1.0.40 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-11850

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Improper Implicit Association via User Store Initialization in WSO2 Identity Server [Identity Confusion / External IDP Use]
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
When secondary user stores are configured, the implicit-association resolver incorrectly initializes from a secondary user store and bypasses the primary user store during search and uniqueness checks. This allows a subject to be associated with an unintended local account if the same lookup claim (e.g., username or email) exists in both the primary and a secondary store. If duplicate claim values exist across user stores, this issue can lead to identity confusion due to incorrect implicit associations when using an external Identity Provider (IDP). Legitimate user accounts in the primary user store may fail to associate correctly with their corresponding external IDP accounts, potentially restricting access if the secondary account has fewer privileges. Deployments are not affected if no secondary user stores are configured, implicit association is disabled, or claim values are globally unique.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
WSO2 Identity Server 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
WSO2 Identity Server是美国WSO2公司开源的一款身份认证服务器。 WSO2 Identity Server 7.0.0.132之前版本和7.1.0.40之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于配置辅助用户存储时，隐式关联解析器错误地从辅助用户存储初始化，并在搜索和唯一性检查时绕过主用户存储，可能导致身份混淆和访问受限。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server 7.0.0 ~ 7.0.0.132 -
WSO2 Token Exchange Grant Type For OAuth 1.1.19 ~ * -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-11850

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-11850

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-11850 (1)

Same Patch Batch · WSO2 · 2026-08-06 · 19 CVEs total

CVE-2026-5430 10.0 CRITICAL Authentication Bypass via JWT Algorithm Mismatch in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Account
CVE-2026-1728 9.8 CRITICAL Privilege Escalation via System REST APIs in Multiple WSO2 Products Permits Admin Account
CVE-2025-15039 9.4 CRITICAL Account Takeover via Conditional Authentication Script Logic in Multiple WSO2 Products
CVE-2026-3418 9.1 CRITICAL Arbitrary File Upload via System REST API in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Remote Code Exe
CVE-2025-14561 9.0 CRITICAL Access Control Bypass via Publisher REST APIs in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Cross-Tenan
CVE-2026-3415 8.7 HIGH XML External Entity (XXE) Injection via Schema Validation in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows
CVE-2024-6541 6.8 MEDIUM Information Disclosure and Integrity Violation via Improper Message Context Handling in Mu
CVE-2024-6832 5.9 MEDIUM Account Lockout Failure via Secondary User Store Inaccessibility in Multiple WSO2 Products
CVE-2025-13394 5.4 MEDIUM Cross-Site Request Forgery via Ajax Processor Endpoints in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables
CVE-2025-12317 5.0 MEDIUM Improper Token Revocation via SOAP Services in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Retained Acce
CVE-2024-8995 4.9 MEDIUM Authorization Code issued for Deleted User reuse in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Unauthor
CVE-2026-0637 4.4 MEDIUM Sensitive Information Disclosure via Event Publisher Logging in Multiple WSO2 Products
CVE-2025-13909 4.3 MEDIUM Information Disclosure via Multi-Tenant Authentication Flows in WSO2 Identity Server Allow
CVE-2025-6508 4.3 MEDIUM User Interface Misrepresentation via Swagger UI Try-out Console in WSO2 API Manager Allows
CVE-2024-10302 4.0 MEDIUM Improper Input Validation via Signup Process in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables Content Man
CVE-2025-14779 3.8 LOW Improper Access Control via Secret Type Management API in WSO2 Identity Server
CVE-2025-13736 3.7 LOW Username Enumeration via Login Interface in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows User Account Dis
CVE-2025-12627 2.4 LOW Improper Refresh Token Implementation via User Impersonation Flow in WSO2 Identity Server

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: WSO2 Identity Server
Same vendor: WSO2

V. Comments for CVE-2025-11850

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