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CVE-2025-13591— Username Enumeration via Authentication Endpoint in WSO2 Identity Server Allows User Account Discovery

Quick assessment

Affected
WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

WSO2 Identity Server 的身份验证端点在系统中不存在指定用户名时，无法提供一致的系统响应，导致攻击者能够区分有效与无效的用户名。这种响应差异可被利用来枚举系统中已存在的用户账户。 成功利用该漏洞后，攻击者能够发现系统内的有效用户名，从而显著增加后续攻击的风险，例如针对用户凭证的暴力破解攻击、社会工程学攻击以及信息泄露。获取到的用户名可被用于构建定向钓鱼邮件或其他社会工程学攻击活动。

CVSS 5.3 · Medium EPSS 0.22% · P12

Affected Version Matrix 7

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
WSO2 Email OTP Authenticator 1.0.18< 1.0.18.8 affected
1.0.30< 1.0.30.5 affected
WSO2 WSO2 Carbon Abstract OTP Authenticator 1.0.5< 1.0.5.3 affected
1.0.10< 1.0.10.2 affected
WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server < 7.0.0 unknown
7.0.0< 7.0.0.134 affected
7.1.0< 7.1.0.42 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-13591

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Username Enumeration via Authentication Endpoint in WSO2 Identity Server Allows User Account Discovery
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
The authentication endpoint of WSO2 Identity Server fails to provide a consistent system response when a username does not exist in the system, allowing attackers to differentiate between valid and invalid usernames. This difference in responses can be leveraged to enumerate existing user accounts. Successful exploitation enables an attacker to discover valid usernames within the system, significantly increasing the risk of subsequent attacks such as brute force attacks on user credentials, social engineering attacks, and information leakage. The discovered usernames can be used to craft targeted phishing emails or other social engineering campaigns.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
通过差异性导致的信息暴露
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server 7.0.0 ~ 7.0.0.134 -
WSO2 WSO2 Carbon Abstract OTP Authenticator 1.0.5 ~ 1.0.5.3 -
WSO2 Email OTP Authenticator 1.0.18 ~ 1.0.18.8 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-13591

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-13591

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-13591 (1)

Same Patch Batch · WSO2 · 2026-10-19 · 7 CVEs total

CVE-2025-10149 8.2 HIGH Arbitrary Operations via SCIM Endpoints in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables User Account Tak
CVE-2025-13173 6.5 MEDIUM Improper Token Revocation via Session-Bound Token Flow in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Un
CVE-2025-7043 5.4 MEDIUM Refresh Token Misuse via Validation Flaw in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables Unauthorized Re
CVE-2025-7203 4.9 MEDIUM Sensitive Information Disclosure via Management Console and Product Files in Multiple WSO2
CVE-2025-6623 4.3 MEDIUM Stored Cross-Site Scripting via XML Input in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows UI Manipulation
CVE-2024-4412 2.7 LOW Expression Language Injection via User Input in Multiple WSO2 Products Permits Arbitrary O

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: WSO2 Identity Server
Same vendor: WSO2
Same weakness: CWE-203

V. Comments for CVE-2025-13591

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