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CVE-2025-14178— Heap buffer overflow in array_merge()

Quick assessment

Affected
PHP Group PHP
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

PHP是PHP开源的一种在服务器端执行的脚本语言。 PHP 8.1.34之前版本、8.2.30之前版本、8.3.29之前版本、8.4.16之前版本和8.5.1之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于array_merge函数中存在堆缓冲区溢出，可能导致内存损坏或崩溃。

CVSS 6.5 · Medium EPSS 0.46% · P38
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-14178

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Heap buffer overflow in array_merge()
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In PHP versions:8.1.* before 8.1.34, 8.2.* before 8.2.30, 8.3.* before 8.3.29, 8.4.* before 8.4.16, 8.5.* before 8.5.1, a heap buffer overflow occurs in array_merge() when the total element count of packed arrays exceeds 32-bit limits or HT_MAX_SIZE, due to an integer overflow in the precomputation of element counts using zend_hash_num_elements(). This may lead to memory corruption or crashes and affect the integrity and availability of the target server.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
跨界内存写
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
PHP 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
PHP是PHP开源的一种在服务器端执行的脚本语言。 PHP 8.1.34之前版本、8.2.30之前版本、8.3.29之前版本、8.4.16之前版本和8.5.1之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于array_merge函数中存在堆缓冲区溢出，可能导致内存损坏或崩溃。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
PHP Group PHP 8.1.* ~ 8.1.34 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-14178

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-14178

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-14178 (1)

Same Patch Batch · PHP Group · 2025-12-27 · 3 CVEs total

CVE-2025-14177 Information Leak of Memory in getimagesize
CVE-2025-14180 NULL Pointer Dereference in PDO quoting

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: PHP
Same vendor: PHP Group
Same weakness: CWE-787

V. Comments for CVE-2025-14178

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