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CVE-2025-21809— rxrpc, afs: Fix peer hash locking vs RCU callback

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于未正确处理peer哈希锁和RCU回调，可能导致死锁。

CVSS 7.5 · High EPSS 0.32% · P23

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1211 · Exploitation for Stealth

Affected Version Matrix 10

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 72904d7b9bfbf2dd146254edea93958bc35bbbfe< 10ba5a3d57af20e494e0d979d1894260989235dd affected
72904d7b9bfbf2dd146254edea93958bc35bbbfe< 0e77dd41689637ac4e1b8fe0f27541f373640855 affected
72904d7b9bfbf2dd146254edea93958bc35bbbfe< 79d458c13056559d49b5e41fbc4b6890e68cf65b affected
056fc740be000d39a7dba700a935f3bbfbc664e6 affected
6.7.3< 6.8 affected
6.8 affected
< 6.8 unaffected
6.12.13≤ 6.12.* unaffected
… +2 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-21809

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
rxrpc, afs: Fix peer hash locking vs RCU callback
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc, afs: Fix peer hash locking vs RCU callback In its address list, afs now retains pointers to and refs on one or more rxrpc_peer objects. The address list is freed under RCU and at this time, it puts the refs on those peers. Now, when an rxrpc_peer object runs out of refs, it gets removed from the peer hash table and, for that, rxrpc has to take a spinlock. However, it is now being called from afs's RCU cleanup, which takes place in BH context - but it is just taking an ordinary spinlock. The put may also be called from non-BH context, and so there exists the possibility of deadlock if the BH-based RCU cleanup happens whilst the hash spinlock is held. This led to the attached lockdep complaint. Fix this by changing spinlocks of rxnet->peer_hash_lock back to BH-disabling locks. ================================ WARNING: inconsistent lock state 6.13.0-rc5-build2+ #1223 Tainted: G E -------------------------------- inconsistent {SOFTIRQ-ON-W} -> {IN-SOFTIRQ-W} usage. swapper/1/0 [HC0[0]:SC1[1]:HE1:SE0] takes: ffff88810babe228 (&rxnet->peer_hash_lock){+.?.}-{3:3}, at: rxrpc_put_peer+0xcb/0x180 {SOFTIRQ-ON-W} state was registered at: mark_usage+0x164/0x180 __lock_acquire+0x544/0x990 lock_acquire.part.0+0x103/0x280 _raw_spin_lock+0x2f/0x40 rxrpc_peer_keepalive_worker+0x144/0x440 process_one_work+0x486/0x7c0 process_scheduled_works+0x73/0x90 worker_thread+0x1c8/0x2a0 kthread+0x19b/0x1b0 ret_from_fork+0x24/0x40 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 irq event stamp: 972402 hardirqs last enabled at (972402): [<ffffffff8244360e>] _raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x2e/0x50 hardirqs last disabled at (972401): [<ffffffff82443328>] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x18/0x60 softirqs last enabled at (972300): [<ffffffff810ffbbe>] handle_softirqs+0x3ee/0x430 softirqs last disabled at (972313): [<ffffffff810ffc54>] __irq_exit_rcu+0x44/0x110 other info that might help us debug this: Possible unsafe locking scenario: CPU0 ---- lock(&rxnet->peer_hash_lock); <Interrupt> lock(&rxnet->peer_hash_lock); *** DEADLOCK *** 1 lock held by swapper/1/0: #0: ffffffff83576be0 (rcu_callback){....}-{0:0}, at: rcu_lock_acquire+0x7/0x30 stack backtrace: CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Tainted: G E 6.13.0-rc5-build2+ #1223 Tainted: [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE Hardware name: ASUS All Series/H97-PLUS, BIOS 2306 10/09/2014 Call Trace: <IRQ> dump_stack_lvl+0x57/0x80 print_usage_bug.part.0+0x227/0x240 valid_state+0x53/0x70 mark_lock_irq+0xa5/0x2f0 mark_lock+0xf7/0x170 mark_usage+0xe1/0x180 __lock_acquire+0x544/0x990 lock_acquire.part.0+0x103/0x280 _raw_spin_lock+0x2f/0x40 rxrpc_put_peer+0xcb/0x180 afs_free_addrlist+0x46/0x90 [kafs] rcu_do_batch+0x2d2/0x640 rcu_core+0x2f7/0x350 handle_softirqs+0x1ee/0x430 __irq_exit_rcu+0x44/0x110 irq_exit_rcu+0xa/0x30 sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x7f/0xa0 </IRQ>
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于未正确处理peer哈希锁和RCU回调，可能导致死锁。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 72904d7b9bfbf2dd146254edea93958bc35bbbfe ~ 10ba5a3d57af20e494e0d979d1894260989235dd -
Linux Linux 6.8 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-21809

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-21809

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2025-21809 (3)

Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2025-02-27 · 177 CVEs total

CVE-2025-21805 9.8 CRITICAL RDMA/rtrs: Add missing deinit() call
CVE-2025-21796 9.8 CRITICAL nfsd: clear acl_access/acl_default after releasing them
CVE-2025-21707 9.8 CRITICAL mptcp: consolidate suboption status
CVE-2025-21748 9.8 CRITICAL ksmbd: fix integer overflows on 32 bit systems
CVE-2024-58006 9.6 CRITICAL PCI: dwc: ep: Prevent changing BAR size/flags in pci_epc_set_bar()
CVE-2024-57999 8.8 HIGH powerpc/pseries/iommu: IOMMU incorrectly marks MMIO range in DDW
CVE-2025-21735 8.8 HIGH NFC: nci: Add bounds checking in nci_hci_create_pipe()
CVE-2024-57997 8.8 HIGH wifi: wcn36xx: fix channel survey memory allocation size
CVE-2024-57995 8.8 HIGH wifi: ath12k: fix read pointer after free in ath12k_mac_assign_vif_to_vdev()
CVE-2025-21710 8.2 HIGH tcp: correct handling of extreme memory squeeze
CVE-2025-21766 8.1 HIGH ipv4: use RCU protection in __ip_rt_update_pmtu()
CVE-2024-57973 8.1 HIGH rdma/cxgb4: Prevent potential integer overflow on 32bit
CVE-2025-21765 8.1 HIGH ipv6: use RCU protection in ip6_default_advmss()
CVE-2025-21760 8.1 HIGH ndisc: extend RCU protection in ndisc_send_skb()
CVE-2025-21762 8.1 HIGH arp: use RCU protection in arp_xmit()
CVE-2024-58010 7.8 HIGH binfmt_flat: Fix integer overflow bug on 32 bit systems
CVE-2024-58008 7.8 HIGH KEYS: trusted: dcp: fix improper sg use with CONFIG_VMAP_STACK=y
CVE-2025-21764 7.8 HIGH ndisc: use RCU protection in ndisc_alloc_skb()
CVE-2025-21791 7.8 HIGH vrf: use RCU protection in l3mdev_l3_out()
CVE-2025-21763 7.8 HIGH neighbour: use RCU protection in __neigh_notify()

Showing top 20 of 177 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2025-21809

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