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CVE-2025-21878— i2c: npcm: disable interrupt enable bit before devm_request_irq

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于npcm i2c驱动未禁用中断前请求IRQ，可能导致软锁定。

AI Predicted 5.5 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.16% · P5

Affected Version Matrix 16

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 56a1485b102ed1cd5a4af8e87ed794699fd1cad2< f32d7b4dc6e791523c70e83049645dcba2a2aa33 affected
56a1485b102ed1cd5a4af8e87ed794699fd1cad2< e3aea1dba97d31eceed7b622000af0406988b9c8 affected
56a1485b102ed1cd5a4af8e87ed794699fd1cad2< 545b563eb00d0576775da4011b3f7ffefc9e8c60 affected
56a1485b102ed1cd5a4af8e87ed794699fd1cad2< 1b267e1b87d52b16e7dfcc7ab2ab760f6f8f9ca9 affected
56a1485b102ed1cd5a4af8e87ed794699fd1cad2< 12d0e39916705b68d2d8ba20a8e35d1d27afc260 affected
56a1485b102ed1cd5a4af8e87ed794699fd1cad2< 846e371631c57365eeb89e5db1ab0f344169af93 affected
56a1485b102ed1cd5a4af8e87ed794699fd1cad2< dd1998e243f5fa25d348a384ba0b6c84d980f2b2 affected
5.8 affected
… +8 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-21878

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
i2c: npcm: disable interrupt enable bit before devm_request_irq
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: i2c: npcm: disable interrupt enable bit before devm_request_irq The customer reports that there is a soft lockup issue related to the i2c driver. After checking, the i2c module was doing a tx transfer and the bmc machine reboots in the middle of the i2c transaction, the i2c module keeps the status without being reset. Due to such an i2c module status, the i2c irq handler keeps getting triggered since the i2c irq handler is registered in the kernel booting process after the bmc machine is doing a warm rebooting. The continuous triggering is stopped by the soft lockup watchdog timer. Disable the interrupt enable bit in the i2c module before calling devm_request_irq to fix this issue since the i2c relative status bit is read-only. Here is the soft lockup log. [ 28.176395] watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 26s! [swapper/0:1] [ 28.183351] Modules linked in: [ 28.186407] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.15.120-yocto-s-dirty-bbebc78 #1 [ 28.201174] pstate: 40000005 (nZcv daif -PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 28.208128] pc : __do_softirq+0xb0/0x368 [ 28.212055] lr : __do_softirq+0x70/0x368 [ 28.215972] sp : ffffff8035ebca00 [ 28.219278] x29: ffffff8035ebca00 x28: 0000000000000002 x27: ffffff80071a3780 [ 28.226412] x26: ffffffc008bdc000 x25: ffffffc008bcc640 x24: ffffffc008be50c0 [ 28.233546] x23: ffffffc00800200c x22: 0000000000000000 x21: 000000000000001b [ 28.240679] x20: 0000000000000000 x19: ffffff80001c3200 x18: ffffffffffffffff [ 28.247812] x17: ffffffc02d2e0000 x16: ffffff8035eb8b40 x15: 00001e8480000000 [ 28.254945] x14: 02c3647e37dbfcb6 x13: 02c364f2ab14200c x12: 0000000002c364f2 [ 28.262078] x11: 00000000fa83b2da x10: 000000000000b67e x9 : ffffffc008010250 [ 28.269211] x8 : 000000009d983d00 x7 : 7fffffffffffffff x6 : 0000036d74732434 [ 28.276344] x5 : 00ffffffffffffff x4 : 0000000000000015 x3 : 0000000000000198 [ 28.283476] x2 : ffffffc02d2e0000 x1 : 00000000000000e0 x0 : ffffffc008bdcb40 [ 28.290611] Call trace: [ 28.293052] __do_softirq+0xb0/0x368 [ 28.296625] __irq_exit_rcu+0xe0/0x100 [ 28.300374] irq_exit+0x14/0x20 [ 28.303513] handle_domain_irq+0x68/0x90 [ 28.307440] gic_handle_irq+0x78/0xb0 [ 28.311098] call_on_irq_stack+0x20/0x38 [ 28.315019] do_interrupt_handler+0x54/0x5c [ 28.319199] el1_interrupt+0x2c/0x4c [ 28.322777] el1h_64_irq_handler+0x14/0x20 [ 28.326872] el1h_64_irq+0x74/0x78 [ 28.330269] __setup_irq+0x454/0x780 [ 28.333841] request_threaded_irq+0xd0/0x1b4 [ 28.338107] devm_request_threaded_irq+0x84/0x100 [ 28.342809] npcm_i2c_probe_bus+0x188/0x3d0 [ 28.346990] platform_probe+0x6c/0xc4 [ 28.350653] really_probe+0xcc/0x45c [ 28.354227] __driver_probe_device+0x8c/0x160 [ 28.358578] driver_probe_device+0x44/0xe0 [ 28.362670] __driver_attach+0x124/0x1d0 [ 28.366589] bus_for_each_dev+0x7c/0xe0 [ 28.370426] driver_attach+0x28/0x30 [ 28.373997] bus_add_driver+0x124/0x240 [ 28.377830] driver_register+0x7c/0x124 [ 28.381662] __platform_driver_register+0x2c/0x34 [ 28.386362] npcm_i2c_init+0x3c/0x5c [ 28.389937] do_one_initcall+0x74/0x230 [ 28.393768] kernel_init_freeable+0x24c/0x2b4 [ 28.398126] kernel_init+0x28/0x130 [ 28.401614] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 [ 28.405189] Kernel panic - not syncing: softlockup: hung tasks [ 28.411011] SMP: stopping secondary CPUs [ 28.414933] Kernel Offset: disabled [ 28.418412] CPU features: 0x00000000,00000802 [ 28.427644] Rebooting in 20 seconds..
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于npcm i2c驱动未禁用中断前请求IRQ，可能导致软锁定。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 56a1485b102ed1cd5a4af8e87ed794699fd1cad2 ~ f32d7b4dc6e791523c70e83049645dcba2a2aa33 -
Linux Linux 5.8 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-21878

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-21878

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2025-21878 (7)

Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2025-03-27 · 124 CVEs total

CVE-2023-53006 9.8 CRITICAL cifs: Fix oops due to uncleared server->smbd_conn in reconnect
CVE-2025-21876 8.8 HIGH iommu/vt-d: Fix suspicious RCU usage
CVE-2025-21890 8.2 HIGH idpf: fix checksums set in idpf_rx_rsc()
CVE-2025-21887 7.8 HIGH ovl: fix UAF in ovl_dentry_update_reval by moving dput() in ovl_link_up
CVE-2023-53033 7.8 HIGH netfilter: nft_payload: incorrect arithmetics when fetching VLAN header bits
CVE-2025-21889 7.8 HIGH perf/core: Add RCU read lock protection to perf_iterate_ctx()
CVE-2023-52930 7.8 HIGH drm/i915: Fix potential bit_17 double-free
CVE-2023-52931 7.8 HIGH drm/i915: Avoid potential vm use-after-free
CVE-2023-52934 7.8 HIGH mm/MADV_COLLAPSE: catch !none !huge !bad pmd lookups
CVE-2023-52935 7.8 HIGH mm/khugepaged: fix ->anon_vma race
CVE-2023-53009 7.8 HIGH drm/amdkfd: Add sync after creating vram bo
CVE-2023-52999 7.8 HIGH net: fix UaF in netns ops registration error path
CVE-2023-52973 7.8 HIGH vc_screen: move load of struct vc_data pointer in vcs_read() to avoid UAF
CVE-2023-52983 7.8 HIGH block, bfq: fix uaf for bfqq in bic_set_bfqq()
CVE-2023-52981 7.8 HIGH drm/i915: Fix request ref counting during error capture & debugfs dump
CVE-2023-52975 7.8 HIGH scsi: iscsi_tcp: Fix UAF during logout when accessing the shost ipaddress
CVE-2023-52974 7.8 HIGH scsi: iscsi_tcp: Fix UAF during login when accessing the shost ipaddress
CVE-2022-49760 7.8 HIGH mm/hugetlb: fix PTE marker handling in hugetlb_change_protection()
CVE-2025-21867 7.8 HIGH bpf, test_run: Fix use-after-free issue in eth_skb_pkt_type()
CVE-2023-52988 7.8 HIGH ALSA: hda/via: Avoid potential array out-of-bound in add_secret_dac_path()

Showing top 20 of 124 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

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Same vendor: Linux