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CVE-2025-22031— PCI/bwctrl: Fix NULL pointer dereference on bus number exhaustion

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于PCI总线号耗尽时空指针取消引用。

AI Predicted 4.4 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.25% · P16

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1564.004 · NTFS File Attributes

Affected Version Matrix 8

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 665745f274870c921020f610e2c99a3b1613519b< d93d309013e89631630a12b1770d27e4be78362a affected
665745f274870c921020f610e2c99a3b1613519b< 1181924af78e5299ddec6e457789c02dd5966559 affected
665745f274870c921020f610e2c99a3b1613519b< 667f053b05f00a007738cd7ed6fa1901de19dc7e affected
6.13 affected
< 6.13 unaffected
6.13.11≤ 6.13.* unaffected
6.14.2≤ 6.14.* unaffected
6.15≤ * unaffected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-22031

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
PCI/bwctrl: Fix NULL pointer dereference on bus number exhaustion
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI/bwctrl: Fix NULL pointer dereference on bus number exhaustion When BIOS neglects to assign bus numbers to PCI bridges, the kernel attempts to correct that during PCI device enumeration. If it runs out of bus numbers, no pci_bus is allocated and the "subordinate" pointer in the bridge's pci_dev remains NULL. The PCIe bandwidth controller erroneously does not check for a NULL subordinate pointer and dereferences it on probe. Bandwidth control of unusable devices below the bridge is of questionable utility, so simply error out instead. This mirrors what PCIe hotplug does since commit 62e4492c3063 ("PCI: Prevent NULL dereference during pciehp probe"). The PCI core emits a message with KERN_INFO severity if it has run out of bus numbers. PCIe hotplug emits an additional message with KERN_ERR severity to inform the user that hotplug functionality is disabled at the bridge. A similar message for bandwidth control does not seem merited, given that its only purpose so far is to expose an up-to-date link speed in sysfs and throttle the link speed on certain laptops with limited Thermal Design Power. So error out silently. User-visible messages: pci 0000:16:02.0: bridge configuration invalid ([bus 00-00]), reconfiguring [...] pci_bus 0000:45: busn_res: [bus 45-74] end is updated to 74 pci 0000:16:02.0: devices behind bridge are unusable because [bus 45-74] cannot be assigned for them [...] pcieport 0000:16:02.0: pciehp: Hotplug bridge without secondary bus, ignoring [...] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference RIP: pcie_update_link_speed pcie_bwnotif_enable pcie_bwnotif_probe pcie_port_probe_service really_probe
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于PCI总线号耗尽时空指针取消引用。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 665745f274870c921020f610e2c99a3b1613519b ~ d93d309013e89631630a12b1770d27e4be78362a -
Linux Linux 6.13 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-22031

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-22031

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Other References for CVE-2025-22031 (3)

Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2025-04-16 · 127 CVEs total

CVE-2025-22021 10.0 CRITICAL netfilter: socket: Lookup orig tuple for IPv6 SNAT
CVE-2025-22077 9.8 CRITICAL Revert "smb: client: fix TCP timers deadlock after rmmod"
CVE-2025-22088 9.8 CRITICAL RDMA/erdma: Prevent use-after-free in erdma_accept_newconn()
CVE-2025-22110 9.8 CRITICAL netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: Initialize ctx to avoid memory allocation error
CVE-2025-22118 8.8 HIGH ice: validate queue quanta parameters to prevent OOB access
CVE-2025-22040 8.8 HIGH ksmbd: fix session use-after-free in multichannel connection
CVE-2025-22041 8.8 HIGH ksmbd: fix use-after-free in ksmbd_sessions_deregister()
CVE-2025-22039 8.8 HIGH ksmbd: fix overflow in dacloffset bounds check
CVE-2025-22086 8.8 HIGH RDMA/mlx5: Fix mlx5_poll_one() cur_qp update flow
CVE-2024-58096 8.8 HIGH wifi: ath11k: add srng->lock for ath11k_hal_srng_* in monitor mode
CVE-2025-22074 8.8 HIGH ksmbd: fix r_count dec/increment mismatch
CVE-2025-23133 8.8 HIGH wifi: ath11k: update channel list in reg notifier instead reg worker
CVE-2025-22117 8.7 HIGH ice: fix using untrusted value of pkt_len in ice_vc_fdir_parse_raw()
CVE-2025-22108 8.6 HIGH bnxt_en: Mask the bd_cnt field in the TX BD properly
CVE-2025-22121 8.4 HIGH ext4: fix out-of-bound read in ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all()
CVE-2025-22080 8.4 HIGH fs/ntfs3: Prevent integer overflow in hdr_first_de()
CVE-2025-22038 8.3 HIGH ksmbd: validate zero num_subauth before sub_auth is accessed
CVE-2025-22042 8.1 HIGH ksmbd: add bounds check for create lease context
CVE-2025-22043 8.1 HIGH ksmbd: add bounds check for durable handle context
CVE-2025-22047 7.8 HIGH x86/microcode/AMD: Fix __apply_microcode_amd()'s return value

Showing top 20 of 127 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2025-22031

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