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CVE-2025-39744— rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于rcu_read_unlock_special函数中IRQ工作状态管理不当，可能导致死循环。

AI Predicted 5.5 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.16% · P5

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1499 · Endpoint Denial of Service

Affected Version Matrix 12

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d< e7a375453cca2b8a0d2fa1b82b913f3fed7c0507 affected
0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d< 1cfa244f7198d325594e627574930b7b91df5bfe affected
0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d< ddebb2a7677673cf4438a04e1a48b8ed6b0c8e9a affected
0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d< 56c5ef194f4509df63fc0f7a91ea5973ce479b1e affected
0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d< b41642c87716bbd09797b1e4ea7d904f06c39b7b affected
5.3 affected
< 5.3 unaffected
6.6.103≤ 6.6.* unaffected
… +4 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-39744

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work During rcu_read_unlock_special(), if this happens during irq_exit(), we can lockup if an IPI is issued. This is because the IPI itself triggers the irq_exit() path causing a recursive lock up. This is precisely what Xiongfeng found when invoking a BPF program on the trace_tick_stop() tracepoint As shown in the trace below. Fix by managing the irq_work state correctly. irq_exit() __irq_exit_rcu() /* in_hardirq() returns false after this */ preempt_count_sub(HARDIRQ_OFFSET) tick_irq_exit() tick_nohz_irq_exit() tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick() trace_tick_stop() /* a bpf prog is hooked on this trace point */ __bpf_trace_tick_stop() bpf_trace_run2() rcu_read_unlock_special() /* will send a IPI to itself */ irq_work_queue_on(&rdp->defer_qs_iw, rdp->cpu); A simple reproducer can also be obtained by doing the following in tick_irq_exit(). It will hang on boot without the patch: static inline void tick_irq_exit(void) { + rcu_read_lock(); + WRITE_ONCE(current->rcu_read_unlock_special.b.need_qs, true); + rcu_read_unlock(); + [neeraj: Apply Frederic's suggested fix for PREEMPT_RT]
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于rcu_read_unlock_special函数中IRQ工作状态管理不当，可能导致死循环。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 0864f057b050bc6dd68106b3185e02db5140012d ~ e7a375453cca2b8a0d2fa1b82b913f3fed7c0507 -
Linux Linux 5.3 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-39744

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-39744

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Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2025-09-11 · 54 CVEs total

CVE-2025-39758 9.8 CRITICAL RDMA/siw: Fix the sendmsg byte count in siw_tcp_sendpages
CVE-2025-39761 8.8 HIGH wifi: ath12k: Decrement TID on RX peer frag setup error handling
CVE-2025-39750 8.8 HIGH wifi: ath12k: Correct tid cleanup when tid setup fails
CVE-2025-39790 8.4 HIGH bus: mhi: host: Detect events pointing to unexpected TREs
CVE-2025-39779 7.8 HIGH btrfs: subpage: keep TOWRITE tag until folio is cleaned
CVE-2025-39791 7.8 HIGH dm: dm-crypt: Do not partially accept write BIOs with zoned targets
CVE-2025-39780 7.8 HIGH sched/ext: Fix invalid task state transitions on class switch
CVE-2025-39785 7.8 HIGH drm/hisilicon/hibmc: fix irq_request()'s irq name variable is local
CVE-2025-39786 7.8 HIGH iio: adc: ad7173: fix channels index for syscalib_mode
CVE-2025-39787 7.8 HIGH soc: qcom: mdt_loader: Ensure we don't read past the ELF header
CVE-2025-39740 7.8 HIGH drm/xe/migrate: prevent potential UAF
CVE-2025-39770 7.5 HIGH net: gso: Forbid IPv6 TSO with extensions on devices with only IPV6_CSUM
CVE-2025-39738 7.3 HIGH btrfs: do not allow relocation of partially dropped subvolumes
CVE-2025-39789 7.3 HIGH crypto: x86/aegis - Add missing error checks
CVE-2025-39776 7.0 HIGH mm/debug_vm_pgtable: clear page table entries at destroy_args()
CVE-2025-39764 netfilter: ctnetlink: remove refcounting in expectation dumpers
CVE-2025-39768 net/mlx5: HWS, fix complex rules rehash error flow
CVE-2025-39773 net: bridge: fix soft lockup in br_multicast_query_expired()
CVE-2025-39772 drm/hisilicon/hibmc: fix the hibmc loaded failed bug
CVE-2025-39769 bnxt_en: Fix lockdep warning during rmmod

Showing top 20 of 54 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2025-39744

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