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CVE-2025-39980— nexthop: Forbid FDB status change while nexthop is in a group

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于允许在nexthop处于组中时更改FDB状态，可能导致空指针取消引用。

AI Predicted 4.7 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.23% · P13

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1068 · Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Affected Version Matrix 16

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 38428d68719c454d269cb03b776d8a4b0ad66111< e1e87ac0daacd51f522ecd1645cd76b5809303ed affected
38428d68719c454d269cb03b776d8a4b0ad66111< 0e7bfe7a268ccbd7859730c529161cafbf44637c affected
38428d68719c454d269cb03b776d8a4b0ad66111< ec428fff792b7bd15b248dafca2e654b666b1304 affected
38428d68719c454d269cb03b776d8a4b0ad66111< 24046d31f6f92220852d393d510b6062843e3fbd affected
38428d68719c454d269cb03b776d8a4b0ad66111< f0e49fd13afe9dea7a09a1c9537fd00cea22badb affected
38428d68719c454d269cb03b776d8a4b0ad66111< 8dd4aa0122885f710930de135af2adc4ccc3238f affected
38428d68719c454d269cb03b776d8a4b0ad66111< 390b3a300d7872cef9588f003b204398be69ce08 affected
5.8 affected
… +8 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-39980

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
nexthop: Forbid FDB status change while nexthop is in a group
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nexthop: Forbid FDB status change while nexthop is in a group The kernel forbids the creation of non-FDB nexthop groups with FDB nexthops: # ip nexthop add id 1 via 192.0.2.1 fdb # ip nexthop add id 2 group 1 Error: Non FDB nexthop group cannot have fdb nexthops. And vice versa: # ip nexthop add id 3 via 192.0.2.2 dev dummy1 # ip nexthop add id 4 group 3 fdb Error: FDB nexthop group can only have fdb nexthops. However, as long as no routes are pointing to a non-FDB nexthop group, the kernel allows changing the type of a nexthop from FDB to non-FDB and vice versa: # ip nexthop add id 5 via 192.0.2.2 dev dummy1 # ip nexthop add id 6 group 5 # ip nexthop replace id 5 via 192.0.2.2 fdb # echo $? 0 This configuration is invalid and can result in a NPD [1] since FDB nexthops are not associated with a nexthop device: # ip route add 198.51.100.1/32 nhid 6 # ping 198.51.100.1 Fix by preventing nexthop FDB status change while the nexthop is in a group: # ip nexthop add id 7 via 192.0.2.2 dev dummy1 # ip nexthop add id 8 group 7 # ip nexthop replace id 7 via 192.0.2.2 fdb Error: Cannot change nexthop FDB status while in a group. [1] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000000003c0 [...] Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP CPU: 6 UID: 0 PID: 367 Comm: ping Not tainted 6.17.0-rc6-virtme-gb65678cacc03 #1 PREEMPT(voluntary) Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.17.0-4.fc41 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:fib_lookup_good_nhc+0x1e/0x80 [...] Call Trace: <TASK> fib_table_lookup+0x541/0x650 ip_route_output_key_hash_rcu+0x2ea/0x970 ip_route_output_key_hash+0x55/0x80 __ip4_datagram_connect+0x250/0x330 udp_connect+0x2b/0x60 __sys_connect+0x9c/0xd0 __x64_sys_connect+0x18/0x20 do_syscall_64+0xa4/0x2a0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于允许在nexthop处于组中时更改FDB状态，可能导致空指针取消引用。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 38428d68719c454d269cb03b776d8a4b0ad66111 ~ e1e87ac0daacd51f522ecd1645cd76b5809303ed -
Linux Linux 5.8 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-39980

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-39980

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Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2025-10-15 · 34 CVEs total

CVE-2025-39975 9.8 CRITICAL smb: client: fix wrong index reference in smb2_compound_op()
CVE-2025-39973 8.8 HIGH i40e: add validation for ring_len param
CVE-2025-39972 8.8 HIGH i40e: fix idx validation in i40e_validate_queue_map
CVE-2025-39969 8.8 HIGH i40e: fix validation of VF state in get resources
CVE-2025-39971 8.8 HIGH i40e: fix idx validation in config queues msg
CVE-2025-39970 8.8 HIGH i40e: fix input validation logic for action_meta
CVE-2025-39982 8.8 HIGH Bluetooth: hci_event: Fix UAF in hci_acl_create_conn_sync
CVE-2025-40000 8.8 HIGH wifi: rtw89: fix use-after-free in rtw89_core_tx_kick_off_and_wait()
CVE-2025-39983 8.8 HIGH Bluetooth: hci_event: Fix UAF in hci_conn_tx_dequeue
CVE-2025-39986 7.8 HIGH can: sun4i_can: populate ndo_change_mtu() to prevent buffer overflow
CVE-2025-39976 7.8 HIGH futex: Use correct exit on failure from futex_hash_allocate_default()
CVE-2025-39977 7.8 HIGH futex: Prevent use-after-free during requeue-PI
CVE-2025-39978 7.8 HIGH octeontx2-pf: Fix potential use after free in otx2_tc_add_flow()
CVE-2025-39979 7.8 HIGH net/mlx5: fs, fix UAF in flow counter release
CVE-2025-39981 7.8 HIGH Bluetooth: MGMT: Fix possible UAFs
CVE-2025-39985 7.8 HIGH can: mcba_usb: populate ndo_change_mtu() to prevent buffer overflow
CVE-2025-39987 7.8 HIGH can: hi311x: populate ndo_change_mtu() to prevent buffer overflow
CVE-2025-39988 7.8 HIGH can: etas_es58x: populate ndo_change_mtu() to prevent buffer overflow
CVE-2025-39990 7.8 HIGH bpf: Check the helper function is valid in get_helper_proto
CVE-2025-39993 7.8 HIGH media: rc: fix races with imon_disconnect()

Showing top 20 of 34 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

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