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CVE-2025-39992— mm: swap: check for stable address space before operating on the VMA

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于未检查地址空间稳定性，可能导致空指针取消引用。

AI Predicted 7.8 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.20% · P9

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1499 · Endpoint Denial of Service

Affected Version Matrix 10

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux d2406291483775ecddaee929231a39c70c08fda2< 4e5f060d7347466f77aaff1c0d5a6c4f1fb217ac affected
d2406291483775ecddaee929231a39c70c08fda2< 9cddad3b26dac830407d2d3c0de5205ff6d6dda0 affected
d2406291483775ecddaee929231a39c70c08fda2< e4e99d69b8b8295c501b2eef89e13306b738b667 affected
d2406291483775ecddaee929231a39c70c08fda2< 1367da7eb875d01102d2ed18654b24d261ff5393 affected
6.8 affected
< 6.8 unaffected
6.12.51≤ 6.12.* unaffected
6.16.11≤ 6.16.* unaffected
… +2 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-39992

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
mm: swap: check for stable address space before operating on the VMA
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm: swap: check for stable address space before operating on the VMA It is possible to hit a zero entry while traversing the vmas in unuse_mm() called from swapoff path and accessing it causes the OOPS: Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000446--> Loading the memory from offset 0x40 on the XA_ZERO_ENTRY as address. Mem abort info: ESR = 0x0000000096000005 EC = 0x25: DABT (current EL), IL = 32 bits SET = 0, FnV = 0 EA = 0, S1PTW = 0 FSC = 0x05: level 1 translation fault The issue is manifested from the below race between the fork() on a process and swapoff: fork(dup_mmap()) swapoff(unuse_mm) --------------- ----------------- 1) Identical mtree is built using __mt_dup(). 2) copy_pte_range()--> copy_nonpresent_pte(): The dst mm is added into the mmlist to be visible to the swapoff operation. 3) Fatal signal is sent to the parent process(which is the current during the fork) thus skip the duplication of the vmas and mark the vma range with XA_ZERO_ENTRY as a marker for this process that helps during exit_mmap(). 4) swapoff is tried on the 'mm' added to the 'mmlist' as part of the 2. 5) unuse_mm(), that iterates through the vma's of this 'mm' will hit the non-NULL zero entry and operating on this zero entry as a vma is resulting into the oops. The proper fix would be around not exposing this partially-valid tree to others when droping the mmap lock, which is being solved with [1]. A simpler solution would be checking for MMF_UNSTABLE, as it is set if mm_struct is not fully initialized in dup_mmap(). Thanks to Liam/Lorenzo/David for all the suggestions in fixing this issue.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于未检查地址空间稳定性，可能导致空指针取消引用。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux d2406291483775ecddaee929231a39c70c08fda2 ~ 4e5f060d7347466f77aaff1c0d5a6c4f1fb217ac -
Linux Linux 6.8 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-39992

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-39992

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Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2025-10-15 · 34 CVEs total

CVE-2025-39975 9.8 CRITICAL smb: client: fix wrong index reference in smb2_compound_op()
CVE-2025-40000 8.8 HIGH wifi: rtw89: fix use-after-free in rtw89_core_tx_kick_off_and_wait()
CVE-2025-39969 8.8 HIGH i40e: fix validation of VF state in get resources
CVE-2025-39971 8.8 HIGH i40e: fix idx validation in config queues msg
CVE-2025-39970 8.8 HIGH i40e: fix input validation logic for action_meta
CVE-2025-39972 8.8 HIGH i40e: fix idx validation in i40e_validate_queue_map
CVE-2025-39973 8.8 HIGH i40e: add validation for ring_len param
CVE-2025-39983 8.8 HIGH Bluetooth: hci_event: Fix UAF in hci_conn_tx_dequeue
CVE-2025-39982 8.8 HIGH Bluetooth: hci_event: Fix UAF in hci_acl_create_conn_sync
CVE-2025-39966 7.8 HIGH iommufd: Fix race during abort for file descriptors
CVE-2025-39967 7.8 HIGH fbcon: fix integer overflow in fbcon_do_set_font
CVE-2025-39976 7.8 HIGH futex: Use correct exit on failure from futex_hash_allocate_default()
CVE-2025-39977 7.8 HIGH futex: Prevent use-after-free during requeue-PI
CVE-2025-39978 7.8 HIGH octeontx2-pf: Fix potential use after free in otx2_tc_add_flow()
CVE-2025-39979 7.8 HIGH net/mlx5: fs, fix UAF in flow counter release
CVE-2025-39981 7.8 HIGH Bluetooth: MGMT: Fix possible UAFs
CVE-2025-39985 7.8 HIGH can: mcba_usb: populate ndo_change_mtu() to prevent buffer overflow
CVE-2025-39986 7.8 HIGH can: sun4i_can: populate ndo_change_mtu() to prevent buffer overflow
CVE-2025-39987 7.8 HIGH can: hi311x: populate ndo_change_mtu() to prevent buffer overflow
CVE-2025-39988 7.8 HIGH can: etas_es58x: populate ndo_change_mtu() to prevent buffer overflow

Showing top 20 of 34 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2025-39992

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