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CVE-2025-48886— hydra-node dangerously assumes L1 event finality and does not consider failed transactions

Quick assessment

Affected
cardano-scaling hydra
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Hydra是Nix开源的一个基于Nix项目的持续集成服务。 Hydra 0.22.0之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于未考虑Cardano L1上的失败交易，可能导致重组织攻击。

CVSS 4.8 · Medium EPSS 0.30% · P21

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1498 · Network Denial of Service
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-48886

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
hydra-node dangerously assumes L1 event finality and does not consider failed transactions
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Hydra is a layer-two scalability solution for Cardano. Prior to version 0.22.0, the process assumes L1 event finality and does not consider failed transactions. Currently, Cardano L1 is monitored for certain events which are necessary for state progression. At the moment, Hydra considers those events as finalized as soon as they are recognized by the node participants making such transactions the target of re-org attacks. The system does not currently consider the fact that failed transactions on the Cardano L1 can indeed appear in blocks because these transactions are so infrequent. This issue has been patched in version 0.22.0.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
对异常条件的处理不恰当
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Hydra 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Hydra是Nix开源的一个基于Nix项目的持续集成服务。 Hydra 0.22.0之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于未考虑Cardano L1上的失败交易，可能导致重组织攻击。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
cardano-scaling hydra < 0.22.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-48886

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-48886

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IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: hydra
Same weakness: CWE-755

V. Comments for CVE-2025-48886

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