CVE-2025-49005— Next.js cache poisoning due to omission of Vary header
Quick assessment
Affected
vercel next.js
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.
Next.js是Vercel开源的一个 React 框架。 Next.js 15.3.0至15.3.3之前版本和Vercel CLI 41.4.1至42.2.0版本存在环境问题漏洞，该漏洞源于缓存污染漏洞，可能导致返回错误内容。
Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI
T1190 · Exploit Public-Facing Application
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-49005
Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Next.js cache poisoning due to omission of Vary header
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. In Next.js App Router from 15.3.0 to before 15.3.3 and Vercel CLI from 41.4.1 to 42.2.0, a cache poisoning vulnerability was found. The issue allowed page requests for HTML content to return a React Server Component (RSC) payload instead under certain conditions. When deployed to Vercel, this would only impact the browser cache, and would not lead to the CDN being poisoned. When self-hosted and deployed externally, this could lead to cache poisoning if the CDN does not properly distinguish between RSC / HTML in the cache keys. This issue has been resolved in Next.js 15.3.3.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
HTTP请求的解释不一致性(HTTP请求私运)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Next.js 环境问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Next.js是Vercel开源的一个 React 框架。 Next.js 15.3.0至15.3.3之前版本和Vercel CLI 41.4.1至42.2.0版本存在环境问题漏洞，该漏洞源于缓存污染漏洞，可能导致返回错误内容。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Affected Products
II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-49005
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IV. Related Vulnerabilities
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Same vendor: vercel
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V. Comments for CVE-2025-49005
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