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CVE-2025-4960— macOS Local Privilege Escalation via Improper Authorization Handling in EPSON Printer Controller Installer

Quick assessment

Affected
EPSON EPSON Printer Controller Installer
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

EPSON Printer Controller Installer是日本爱普生（EPSON）公司的一个打印机驱动安装软件。 EPSON Printer Controller Installer存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于XPC协议客户端身份验证不当和macOS授权模型执行不正确，可能导致本地权限提升。

CVSS 7.8 · High EPSS 0.13% · P2
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-4960

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
macOS Local Privilege Escalation via Improper Authorization Handling in EPSON Printer Controller Installer
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
The com.epson.InstallNavi.helper tool, deployed with the EPSON printer driver installer, contains a local privilege escalation vulnerability due to multiple flaws in its implementation. It fails to properly authenticate clients over the XPC protocol and does not correctly enforce macOS’s authorization model, exposing privileged functionality to untrusted users. Although it invokes the AuthorizationCopyRights API, it does so using overly permissive custom rights that it registers in the system’s authorization database (/var/db/auth.db). These rights can be requested and granted by the authorization daemon to any local user, regardless of privilege level. As a result, an attacker can exploit the vulnerable service to perform privileged operations such as executing arbitrary commands or installing system components without requiring administrative credentials.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
授权机制不正确
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
EPSON Printer Controller Installer 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
EPSON Printer Controller Installer是日本爱普生（EPSON）公司的一个打印机驱动安装软件。 EPSON Printer Controller Installer存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于XPC协议客户端身份验证不当和macOS授权模型执行不正确，可能导致本地权限提升。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
EPSON EPSON Printer Controller Installer 0 ~ 1.0.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-4960

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-4960

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Security Blog Posts for CVE-2025-4960 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same vendor: EPSON
Same weakness: CWE-863

V. Comments for CVE-2025-4960

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