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CVE-2025-53540— CSRF Vulnerability in Firmware Update Endpoints Allows Remote Code Execution

Quick assessment

Affected
espressif arduino-esp32
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

arduino-esp32是Espressif开源的一个用于 ESP32、ESP32-S2、ESP32-S3、ESP32-C3、ESP32-C6 和 ESP32-H2 的 Arduino 内核。 arduino-esp32 3.2.1之前版本存在跨站请求伪造漏洞，该漏洞源于更新端点接受POST请求时未进行CSRF保护，可能导致远程代码执行。

AI Predicted 8.1 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.33% · P25

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1190 · Exploit Public-Facing Application
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-53540

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
CSRF Vulnerability in Firmware Update Endpoints Allows Remote Code Execution
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
arduino-esp32 is an Arduino core for the ESP32, ESP32-S2, ESP32-S3, ESP32-C3, ESP32-C6 and ESP32-H2 microcontrollers. Several OTA update examples and the HTTPUpdateServer implementation are vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF). The update endpoints accept POST requests for firmware uploads without CSRF protection. This allows an attacker to upload and execute arbitrary firmware, resulting in remote code execution (RCE). This vulnerability is fixed in 3.2.1.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
跨站请求伪造(CSRF)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
arduino-esp32 跨站请求伪造漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
arduino-esp32是Espressif开源的一个用于 ESP32、ESP32-S2、ESP32-S3、ESP32-C3、ESP32-C6 和 ESP32-H2 的 Arduino 内核。 arduino-esp32 3.2.1之前版本存在跨站请求伪造漏洞，该漏洞源于更新端点接受POST请求时未进行CSRF保护，可能导致远程代码执行。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
espressif arduino-esp32 < 3.2.1 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-53540

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-53540

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-53540 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: arduino-esp32
Same vendor: espressif
Same weakness: CWE-352

V. Comments for CVE-2025-53540

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