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CVE-2025-54879— Mastodon e‑mail throttle misconfiguration allows unlimited email confirmations against unconfirmed emails

Quick assessment

Affected
mastodon mastodon
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Mastodon是Mastodon开源的一款基于ActivityPub的开源社交网络服务器。 Mastodon 4.2.24及之前版本、4.3.11及之前版本和4.4.3及之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于速率限制配置错误，可能导致拒绝服务攻击。

CVSS 5.3 · Medium EPSS 0.54% · P43
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-54879

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Mastodon e‑mail throttle misconfiguration allows unlimited email confirmations against unconfirmed emails
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Mastodon is a free, open-source social network server based on ActivityPub Mastodon which facilitates LDAP configuration for authentication. In versions 3.1.5 through 4.2.24, 4.3.0 through 4.3.11 and 4.4.0 through 4.4.3, Mastodon's rate-limiting system has a critical configuration error where the email-based throttle for confirmation emails incorrectly checks the password reset path instead of the confirmation path, effectively disabling per-email limits for confirmation requests. This allows attackers to bypass rate limits by rotating IP addresses and send unlimited confirmation emails to any email address, as only a weak IP-based throttle (25 requests per 5 minutes) remains active. The vulnerability enables denial-of-service attacks that can overwhelm mail queues and facilitate user harassment through confirmation email spam. This is fixed in versions 4.2.24, 4.3.11 and 4.4.3.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
不加限制或调节的资源分配
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Mastodon 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Mastodon是Mastodon开源的一款基于ActivityPub的开源社交网络服务器。 Mastodon 4.2.24及之前版本、4.3.11及之前版本和4.4.3及之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于速率限制配置错误，可能导致拒绝服务攻击。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
mastodon mastodon >= 3.1.5, < 4.2.24 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-54879

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-54879

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-54879 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: mastodon
Same vendor: mastodon
Same weakness: CWE-770

V. Comments for CVE-2025-54879

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