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CVE-2025-54996— OpenBao Root Namespace Operator May Elevate Token Privileges

Quick assessment

Affected
openbao openbao
Exploitation
Public or AI PoC available; prioritize validation
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

OpenBao是OpenBao开源的一个敏感数据管理软件。 OpenBao 2.3.1及之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于高权限身份实体系统可提升至根策略，可能导致权限提升。

CVSS 7.2 · High EPSS 0.32% · P23
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-54996

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
OpenBao Root Namespace Operator May Elevate Token Privileges
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, accounts with access to highly-privileged identity entity systems in root namespaces were able to increase their scope directly to the root policy. While the identity system allowed adding arbitrary policies, which in turn could contain capability grants on arbitrary paths, the root policy was restricted to manual generation using unseal or recovery key shares. The global root policy was not accessible from child namespaces. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround this vulnerability, use of denied_parameters in any policy which has access to the affected identity endpoints (on identity entities) may be sufficient to prohibit this type of attack.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
特权管理不恰当
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
OpenBao 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
OpenBao是OpenBao开源的一个敏感数据管理软件。 OpenBao 2.3.1及之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于高权限身份实体系统可提升至根策略，可能导致权限提升。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
openbao openbao < 2.3.2 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-54996

# POC Description Source Link Shenlong Link
AI-Generated POC Premium
Qwen3.6-35B-A3B · 9353 chars
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Exploit chain & mitigation
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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-54996

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-54996 (1)

Other References for CVE-2025-54996 (1)

Same Patch Batch · openbao · 2025-08-09 · 7 CVEs total

CVE-2025-54997 9.1 CRITICAL OpenBao: Privileged Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host
CVE-2025-55001 6.5 MEDIUM OpenBao LDAP MFA Enforcement Bypass When Using Username As Alias
CVE-2025-55000 6.5 MEDIUM OpenBao TOTP Secrets Engine Enables Code Reuse
CVE-2025-55003 5.7 MEDIUM OpenBao Login MFA Bypasses Rate Limiting and TOTP Token Reuse
CVE-2025-54998 5.3 MEDIUM OpenBao Userpass and LDAP User Lockout Bypass
CVE-2025-54999 3.7 LOW OpenBao: Timing Side-Channel in Userpass Auth Method

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: openbao
Same vendor: openbao
Same weakness: CWE-269

V. Comments for CVE-2025-54996

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