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CVE-2025-54997— OpenBao: Privileged Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host

Quick assessment

Affected
openbao openbao
Exploitation
Public or AI PoC available; prioritize validation
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

OpenBao是OpenBao开源的一个敏感数据管理软件。 OpenBao 2.3.1及之前版本存在代码注入漏洞，该漏洞源于审计子系统可绕过限制，可能导致未授权代码执行和网络访问。

CVSS 9.1 · Critical EPSS 0.38% · P30

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1552.005 · Cloud Instance Metadata API
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-54997

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
OpenBao: Privileged Operator May Execute Code on the Underlying Host
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 2.3.1 and below, some OpenBao deployments intentionally limit privileged API operators from executing system code or making network connections. However, these operators can bypass both restrictions through the audit subsystem by manipulating log prefixes. This allows unauthorized code execution and network access that violates the intended security model. This issue is fixed in version 2.3.2. To workaround, users can block access to sys/audit/* endpoints using explicit deny policies, but root operators cannot be restricted this way.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
对生成代码的控制不恰当(代码注入)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
OpenBao 代码注入漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
OpenBao是OpenBao开源的一个敏感数据管理软件。 OpenBao 2.3.1及之前版本存在代码注入漏洞，该漏洞源于审计子系统可绕过限制，可能导致未授权代码执行和网络访问。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

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Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
openbao openbao < 2.3.2 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-54997

# POC Description Source Link Shenlong Link
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Qwen3.6-35B-A3B · 7047 chars
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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-54997

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-54997 (1)

Other References for CVE-2025-54997 (1)

Other References for CVE-2025-54997 (1)

Same Patch Batch · openbao · 2025-08-09 · 7 CVEs total

CVE-2025-54996 7.2 HIGH OpenBao Root Namespace Operator May Elevate Token Privileges
CVE-2025-55001 6.5 MEDIUM OpenBao LDAP MFA Enforcement Bypass When Using Username As Alias
CVE-2025-55000 6.5 MEDIUM OpenBao TOTP Secrets Engine Enables Code Reuse
CVE-2025-55003 5.7 MEDIUM OpenBao Login MFA Bypasses Rate Limiting and TOTP Token Reuse
CVE-2025-54998 5.3 MEDIUM OpenBao Userpass and LDAP User Lockout Bypass
CVE-2025-54999 3.7 LOW OpenBao: Timing Side-Channel in Userpass Auth Method

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: openbao
Same vendor: openbao
Same weakness: CWE-94

V. Comments for CVE-2025-54997

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