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CVE-2025-59419— Netty netty-codec-smtp SMTP Command Injection Vulnerability Allowing Email Forgery

Quick assessment

Affected
netty netty
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Netty是Netty社区的一款非阻塞I/O客户端-服务器框架，它主要用于开发Java网络应用程序，如协议服务器和客户端等。 Netty 4.1.128.Final之前版本和4.2.7.Final之前版本存在注入漏洞，该漏洞源于对用户提供的参数中的回车和换行字符输入验证不足，可能导致SMTP命令注入攻击。

AI Predicted 9.1 Difficulty: Easy EPSS 1.59% · P73
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-59419

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Netty netty-codec-smtp SMTP Command Injection Vulnerability Allowing Email Forgery
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. In versions prior to 4.1.128.Final and 4.2.7.Final, the SMTP codec in Netty contains an SMTP command injection vulnerability due to insufficient input validation for Carriage Return (\r) and Line Feed (\n) characters in user-supplied parameters. The vulnerability exists in io.netty.handler.codec.smtp.DefaultSmtpRequest, where parameters are directly concatenated into the SMTP command string without sanitization. When methods such as SmtpRequests.rcpt(recipient) are called with a malicious string containing CRLF sequences, attackers can inject arbitrary SMTP commands. Because the injected commands are sent from the server's trusted IP address, resulting emails will likely pass SPF and DKIM authentication checks, making them appear legitimate. This allows remote attackers who can control SMTP command parameters (such as email recipients) to forge arbitrary emails from the trusted server, potentially impersonating executives and forging high-stakes corporate communications. This issue has been patched in versions 4.1.129.Final and 4.2.8.Final. No known workarounds exist.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
对CRLF序列的转义处理不恰当(CRLF注入)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Netty 注入漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Netty是Netty社区的一款非阻塞I/O客户端-服务器框架，它主要用于开发Java网络应用程序，如协议服务器和客户端等。 Netty 4.1.128.Final之前版本和4.2.7.Final之前版本存在注入漏洞，该漏洞源于对用户提供的参数中的回车和换行字符输入验证不足，可能导致SMTP命令注入攻击。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
netty netty < 4.2.7.Final -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-59419

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-59419

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-59419 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: netty
Same vendor: netty
Same weakness: CWE-93

V. Comments for CVE-2025-59419

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