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CVE-2025-64526— Strapi has a rate limit bypass on users-permissions plugin via attacker-controlled email keying

Quick assessment

Affected
strapi strapi
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Strapi是法国strapi社区的一套开源的内容管理系统（CMS）。 Strapi 5.45.0之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于users-permissions插件中的速率限制中间件从ctx.request.body.email派生速率限制键，包括在请求体模式不包含email字段的路由上，可能导致未经身份验证的攻击者在每个请求中包含任意email值以获取新的速率限制键，从而绕过基于IP的节流并实现高容量凭据暴力破解、密码重置码暴力破解和凭据填充攻击。

AI Predicted 7.5 Difficulty: Easy EPSS 0.49% · P40

Affected Version Matrix 2

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
strapi @strapi/plugin-users-permissions < 5.45.0 affected
strapi strapi < 5.45.0 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-64526

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Strapi has a rate limit bypass on users-permissions plugin via attacker-controlled email keying
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Strapi is an open source headless content management system. In Strapi versions prior to 5.45.0, the rate-limit middleware in the users-permissions plugin derived its rate-limit key in part from `ctx.request.body.email`, including on routes whose body schema does not contain an `email` field (`/auth/local`, `/auth/reset-password`, `/auth/change-password`). An unauthenticated attacker could include an arbitrary `email` value in the request body to obtain a fresh rate-limit key per request, effectively bypassing per-IP throttling on those routes and enabling high-volume credential brute-force, password-reset code brute-force, and credential-stuffing attempts. The rate-limit key was constructed as `${userIdentifier}:${requestPath}:${ctx.request.ip}`, where `userIdentifier = ctx.request.body.email`. On routes that legitimately use email as their identifier (e.g. `/auth/forgot-password`, `/auth/local/register`), this scoping is correct. On routes that use a different identifier (`identifier` for login, `code` for password reset, `currentPassword` for password change), the email field was not part of the route contract, but the middleware still incorporated it into the key, allowing a caller to rotate the value and obtain a unique key on every request. The patch in version 5.45.0 maintains an allow-list of routes that legitimately key on the email field and excludes that key component on every other route the middleware is mounted on. OAuth callback paths (`/connect/*`) are treated identifier-less. On routes outside the allow-list, the middleware now falls back to a fixed identifier-less key, ensuring per-IP throttling remains effective even when the request body is attacker-controlled.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
过多认证尝试的限制不恰当
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Strapi 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Strapi是法国strapi社区的一套开源的内容管理系统（CMS）。 Strapi 5.45.0之前版本存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于users-permissions插件中的速率限制中间件从ctx.request.body.email派生速率限制键，包括在请求体模式不包含email字段的路由上，可能导致未经身份验证的攻击者在每个请求中包含任意email值以获取新的速率限制键，从而绕过基于IP的节流并实现高容量凭据暴力破解、密码重置码暴力破解和凭据填充攻击。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
strapi strapi < 5.45.0 -
strapi @strapi/plugin-users-permissions < 5.45.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-64526

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-64526

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2025-64526 (2)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-64526 (1)

Same Patch Batch · strapi · 2026-05-14 · 5 CVEs total

CVE-2026-22706 Strapi: Password Reset Does Not Revoke Existing Refresh Sessions
CVE-2026-22707 Strapi Upload Plugin MIME Validation Bypass via Content API
CVE-2026-22599 Strapi Vulnerable to SQL Injection in Content Type Builder
CVE-2026-27886 Strapi may leak sensitive data via relational filtering due to lack of query sanitization

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: strapi
Same vendor: strapi
Same weakness: CWE-307

V. Comments for CVE-2025-64526

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