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CVE-2025-66568— ruby-saml Libxml2 Canonicalization errors can bypass Digest/Signature validation

Quick assessment

Affected
SAML-Toolkits ruby-saml
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Ruby SAML是SAML-Toolkits开源的一个 SAML 授权客户端的实现。 Ruby SAML 1.12.4及之前版本存在数据伪造问题漏洞，该漏洞源于libxml2规范化过程存在缺陷，可能导致身份验证绕过。

AI Predicted 9.8 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.23% · P13

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1190 · Exploit Public-Facing Application
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-66568

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
ruby-saml Libxml2 Canonicalization errors can bypass Digest/Signature validation
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
The ruby-saml library implements the client side of an SAML authorization. Versions up to and including 1.12.4, are vulnerable to authentication bypass through the libxml2 canonicalization process used by Nokogiri for document transformation, which allows an attacker to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. When libxml2’s canonicalization is invoked on an invalid XML input, it may return an empty string rather than a canonicalized node. ruby-saml then proceeds to compute the DigestValue over this empty string, treating it as if canonicalization succeeded. This issue is fixed in version 1.18.0.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
密码学签名的验证不恰当
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Ruby SAML 数据伪造问题漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Ruby SAML是SAML-Toolkits开源的一个 SAML 授权客户端的实现。 Ruby SAML 1.12.4及之前版本存在数据伪造问题漏洞，该漏洞源于libxml2规范化过程存在缺陷，可能导致身份验证绕过。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
SAML-Toolkits ruby-saml < 1.18.0 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-66568

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-66568

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2025-66568 (1)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-66568 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: ruby-saml
Same vendor: SAML-Toolkits
Same weakness: CWE-347

V. Comments for CVE-2025-66568

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