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CVE-2025-7043— Refresh Token Misuse via Validation Flaw in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables Unauthorized Resource Consumption

Quick assessment

Affected
WSO2 WSO2 API Manager
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

ForgeRock 客户端未能正确验证刷新令牌（refresh token）。该漏洞使得刷新令牌被误当作有效的访问令牌（access token）处理，从而可被用于访问受保护资源。这绕过了原本要求“在提供刷新令牌的同时必须验证有效的客户端凭证”才能获取新访问令牌的安全控制机制。 一旦攻击者获取到被盗或泄露的刷新令牌，即可利用此漏洞直接访问受保护资源。其根本原因在于，标准安全流程中“需使用客户端凭证将刷新令牌交换为访问令牌”的环节被规避。

CVSS 5.4 · Medium

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1190 · Exploit Public-Facing Application

Affected Version Matrix 17

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
WSO2 Forgerock Key Manager Component 1.0.0< 1.0.0.3 affected
1.0.0< 1.0.0.4 affected
1.1.0< 1.1.0.2 affected
1.1.5< 1.1.5.3 affected
1.1.5< 1.1.5.4 affected
WSO2 WSO2 API Control Plane < 4.5.0 unknown
4.5.0< 4.5.0.15 affected
WSO2 WSO2 API Manager < 3.2.0 unknown
3.2.0< 3.2.0.434 affected
3.2.1< 3.2.1.54 affected
4.1.0< 4.1.0.218 affected
4.2.0< 4.2.0.156 affected
4.3.0< 4.3.0.67 affected
4.4.0< 4.4.0.30 affected
4.5.0< 4.5.0.14 affected
WSO2 WSO2 Universal Gateway < 4.5.0 unknown
4.5.0< 4.5.0.14 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-7043

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Refresh Token Misuse via Validation Flaw in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables Unauthorized Resource Consumption
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
The ForgeRock client fails to correctly validate refresh tokens. This allows a refresh token to be treated as a valid access token, enabling its use for consuming protected resources. This bypasses the intended security control that requires valid client credentials in addition to a refresh token to obtain a new access token. An attacker who obtains a stolen or exposed refresh token can leverage this vulnerability to directly access protected resources. This is possible because the standard security flow requiring client credentials to exchange a refresh token for an access token is circumvented.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
授权机制缺失
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
WSO2 WSO2 API Manager 3.2.0 ~ 3.2.0.434 -
WSO2 WSO2 Universal Gateway 4.5.0 ~ 4.5.0.14 -
WSO2 WSO2 API Control Plane 4.5.0 ~ 4.5.0.15 -
WSO2 Forgerock Key Manager Component 1.0.0 ~ 1.0.0.3 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-7043

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-7043

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Other References for CVE-2025-7043 (1)

Same Patch Batch · WSO2 · 2026-10-19 · 7 CVEs total

CVE-2025-10149 8.2 HIGH Arbitrary Operations via SCIM Endpoints in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables User Account Tak
CVE-2025-13173 6.5 MEDIUM Improper Token Revocation via Session-Bound Token Flow in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Un
CVE-2025-13591 5.3 MEDIUM Username Enumeration via Authentication Endpoint in WSO2 Identity Server Allows User Accou
CVE-2025-7203 4.9 MEDIUM Sensitive Information Disclosure via Management Console and Product Files in Multiple WSO2
CVE-2025-6623 4.3 MEDIUM Stored Cross-Site Scripting via XML Input in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows UI Manipulation
CVE-2024-4412 2.7 LOW Expression Language Injection via User Input in Multiple WSO2 Products Permits Arbitrary O

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: WSO2 API Manager
Same vendor: WSO2
Same weakness: CWE-862

V. Comments for CVE-2025-7043

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