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CVE-2025-71097— ipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects

Quick assessment

Affected
Linux Linux
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于使用错误路由和下一跳对象时未正确刷新路由，可能导致引用计数泄漏。

AI Predicted 5.5 Difficulty: Moderate EPSS 0.14% · P3

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1496 · Resource Hijacking

Affected Version Matrix 16

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
Linux Linux 493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e< 5de7ad7e18356e39e8fbf7edd185a5faaf4f385a affected
493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e< 33ff5c207c873215e54e6176624ed57423cb7dea affected
493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e< 30386e090c49e803c0616a7147e43409c32a2b0e affected
493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e< 5979338c83012110ccd45cae6517591770bfe536 affected
493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e< ee4183501ea556dca31f5ffd8690aa9fd25b609f affected
493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e< e3fc381320d04e4a74311e576a86cac49a16fc43 affected
493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e< ac782f4e3bfcde145b8a7f8af31d9422d94d172a affected
5.3 affected
… +8 more rows
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-71097

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
ipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects When a nexthop object is deleted, it is marked as dead and then fib_table_flush() is called to flush all the routes that are using the dead nexthop. The current logic in fib_table_flush() is to only flush error routes (e.g., blackhole) when it is called as part of network namespace dismantle (i.e., with flush_all=true). Therefore, error routes are not flushed when their nexthop object is deleted: # ip link add name dummy1 up type dummy # ip nexthop add id 1 dev dummy1 # ip route add 198.51.100.1/32 nhid 1 # ip route add blackhole 198.51.100.2/32 nhid 1 # ip nexthop del id 1 # ip route show blackhole 198.51.100.2 nhid 1 dev dummy1 As such, they keep holding a reference on the nexthop object which in turn holds a reference on the nexthop device, resulting in a reference count leak: # ip link del dev dummy1 [ 70.516258] unregister_netdevice: waiting for dummy1 to become free. Usage count = 2 Fix by flushing error routes when their nexthop is marked as dead. IPv6 does not suffer from this problem.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
Linux kernel 安全漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
Linux kernel是美国Linux基金会的开源操作系统Linux所使用的内核。 Linux kernel存在安全漏洞，该漏洞源于使用错误路由和下一跳对象时未正确刷新路由，可能导致引用计数泄漏。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
Linux Linux 493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e ~ 5de7ad7e18356e39e8fbf7edd185a5faaf4f385a -
Linux Linux 5.3 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-71097

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-71097

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Same Patch Batch · Linux · 2026-01-13 · 93 CVEs total

CVE-2025-71068 9.8 CRITICAL svcrdma: bound check rq_pages index in inline path
CVE-2025-68775 9.8 CRITICAL net/handshake: duplicate handshake cancellations leak socket
CVE-2025-68817 9.8 CRITICAL ksmbd: fix use-after-free in ksmbd_tree_connect_put under concurrency
CVE-2025-68794 9.8 CRITICAL iomap: adjust read range correctly for non-block-aligned positions
CVE-2025-68811 9.8 CRITICAL svcrdma: use rc_pageoff for memcpy byte offset
CVE-2025-68809 9.1 CRITICAL ksmbd: vfs: fix race on m_flags in vfs_cache
CVE-2025-71095 9.1 CRITICAL net: stmmac: fix the crash issue for zero copy XDP_TX action
CVE-2025-71093 9.1 CRITICAL e1000: fix OOB in e1000_tbi_should_accept()
CVE-2025-68818 8.8 HIGH scsi: Revert "scsi: qla2xxx: Perform lockless command completion in abort path"
CVE-2025-71072 8.2 HIGH shmem: fix recovery on rename failures
CVE-2025-68799 8.1 HIGH caif: fix integer underflow in cffrml_receive()
CVE-2025-68803 8.0 HIGH NFSD: NFSv4 file creation neglects setting ACL
CVE-2025-68819 7.8 HIGH media: dvb-usb: dtv5100: fix out-of-bounds in dtv5100_i2c_msg()
CVE-2025-68815 7.8 HIGH net/sched: ets: Remove drr class from the active list if it changes to strict
CVE-2025-71066 7.8 HIGH net/sched: ets: Always remove class from active list before deleting in ets_qdisc_change
CVE-2025-68822 7.8 HIGH Input: alps - fix use-after-free bugs caused by dev3_register_work
CVE-2025-68792 7.8 HIGH tpm2-sessions: Fix out of range indexing in name_size
CVE-2025-68793 7.8 HIGH drm/amdgpu: fix a job->pasid access race in gpu recovery
CVE-2025-71074 7.8 HIGH functionfs: fix the open/removal races
CVE-2025-68795 7.8 HIGH ethtool: Avoid overflowing userspace buffer on stats query

Showing top 20 of 93 CVEs. View all on vendor page &rarr; →

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: Linux
Same vendor: Linux

V. Comments for CVE-2025-71097

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