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CVE-2025-71407— Nokogiri before 1.18.3 Stack Buffer Overflow and Use-After-Free

Quick assessment

Affected
sparklemotion nokogiri
Exploitation
No confirmed in-the-wild exploitation; assess based on exposure
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

在 Nokogiri 1.18.3 之前的版本中，存在两个安全漏洞： 1. 栈缓冲区溢出漏洞：当使用长的 QName 前缀报告 DTD 验证错误时，libxml2 中会发生栈缓冲区溢出。 2. 释放后使用（use-after-free）漏洞：在对不受信任的 XML 模式进行验证时，会发生释放后使用漏洞。 攻击者可以通过提供恶意的 DTD 内容或不受信任的 XSD 文件来触发这些漏洞，从而导致拒绝服务（Denial of Service）或潜在的代码执行。

CVSS 9.8 · Critical EPSS 0.42% · P35

Affected Version Matrix 2

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
sparklemotion nokogiri < 1.18.3 affected
1.18.3 unaffected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-71407

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
Nokogiri before 1.18.3 Stack Buffer Overflow and Use-After-Free
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
Nokogiri before 1.18.3 contains a stack buffer overflow vulnerability in libxml2 when reporting DTD validation errors with long QName prefixes, and a use-after-free vulnerability during validation against untrusted XML Schemas. Attackers can trigger these vulnerabilities by providing malicious DTD content or untrusted XSD files to cause denial of service or potential code execution.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
跨界内存写
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
sparklemotion nokogiri 0 ~ 1.18.3 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-71407

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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-71407

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Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-71407 (2)

Same Patch Batch · sparklemotion · 2026-08-25 · 14 CVEs total

CVE-2024-58378 9.8 CRITICAL Nokogiri before 1.16.2 Use-After-Free via xmlTextReader
CVE-2022-51000 9.8 CRITICAL Nokogiri before 1.13.2 Multiple Vulnerabilities via libxml2 libxslt
CVE-2022-50999 8.6 HIGH Nokogiri before 1.13.5 Integer Overflow via libxml2
CVE-2025-71406 7.8 HIGH Nokogiri before 1.18.4 Use-After-Free via libxslt
CVE-2023-54354 7.5 HIGH Nokogiri before 1.14.3 Null Pointer Dereference via libxml2
CVE-2026-79770 7.5 HIGH Nokogiri before 1.19.3 ReDoS via CSS selector tokenizer
CVE-2022-50998 7.5 HIGH Nokogiri before 1.13.9 Multiple Vulnerabilities via libxml2
CVE-2021-47996 7.5 HIGH Nokogiri before 1.11.4 Multiple Vulnerabilities via libxml2
CVE-2026-79769 5.5 MEDIUM Nokogiri before 1.19.4 Invalid Memory Read via initialize_copy_with_args
CVE-2026-79771 5.3 MEDIUM Nokogiri before 1.19.3 Memory Leak via XSLT Transform
CVE-2026-79772 5.3 MEDIUM Nokogiri before 1.19.1 Unchecked Return Value canonicalize
CVE-2025-71346 2.9 LOW Nokogiri before 1.18.8 Heap Buffer Under-read via XML Schema
CVE-2024-58377 Nokogiri before 1.16.5 libxml2 Dependency Update

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same product: nokogiri
Same vendor: sparklemotion
Same weakness: CWE-787

V. Comments for CVE-2025-71407

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