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CVE-2025-71408— NLTK < 3.9.3 Eval Injection via collocations.py Command-Line Arguments

Quick assessment

Affected
ntlk ntlk
Exploitation
Public or AI PoC available; prioritize validation
Recommended action
Check the vendor advisory and references for a fixed version. If immediate upgrade is impossible, restrict exposure and increase monitoring.

ntlk ntlk是ntlk组织的一系列服务器设备和网络产品。 NLTK 3.9.3之前版本存在代码注入漏洞，该漏洞源于nltk.collocations模块中的eval注入问题，当collocations.py直接调用时，__main__块将命令行参数直接传递给eval()，没有经过白名单验证或清理，导致攻击者可通过控制命令行参数来提供Python表达式，逃逸属性查找并执行任意代码，包括OS命令。

CVSS 7.8 · High EPSS 0.27% · P16

Possible ATT&CK Techniques 1 AI

T1059 · Command and Scripting Interpreter

Affected Version Matrix 1

VendorProduct Version RangeStatus
ntlk ntlk < 3.9.3 affected
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I. Basic Information for CVE-2025-71408

Vulnerability Information
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Vulnerability Title
NLTK < 3.9.3 Eval Injection via collocations.py Command-Line Arguments
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Description
NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit) before version 3.9.3 contains an eval injection vulnerability in the nltk.collocations module that allows an attacker who controls command-line arguments to execute arbitrary Python code. When collocations.py is invoked directly, the __main__ block passes command-line arguments directly to eval() as suffixes of BigramAssocMeasures without allowlist validation or sanitization, enabling an attacker to supply a Python expression that escapes the intended attribute lookup and executes arbitrary code including OS commands via the os module.
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
CVSS Information
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Type
动态执行代码中指令转义处理不恰当(Eval注入)
Source: CVE Program / CVE List V5
Vulnerability Title
NLTK 代码注入漏洞
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Description
ntlk ntlk是ntlk组织的一系列服务器设备和网络产品。 NLTK 3.9.3之前版本存在代码注入漏洞，该漏洞源于nltk.collocations模块中的eval注入问题，当collocations.py直接调用时，__main__块将命令行参数直接传递给eval()，没有经过白名单验证或清理，导致攻击者可通过控制命令行参数来提供Python表达式，逃逸属性查找并执行任意代码，包括OS命令。
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
CVSS Information
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)
Vulnerability Type
N/A
Source: CNNVD (China National Vulnerability Database)

Affected Products

Vendor Product Affected Versions CPE Subscribe
ntlk ntlk 0 ~ 3.9.3 -

II. Public POCs for CVE-2025-71408

# POC Description Source Link Shenlong Link
AI-Generated POC Verified env Premium
Reproduced successfully in a real sandbox · Below is the actual recording of building the environment and exploiting the vulnerability.
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Qwen3.6-35B-A3B · 8082 chars
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III. Intelligence Information for CVE-2025-71408

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Patches & Fixes for CVE-2025-71408 (2)

Vendor Advisories for CVE-2025-71408 (1)

Security Blog Posts for CVE-2025-71408 (1)

Vendor Pages for CVE-2025-71408 (1)

IV. Related Vulnerabilities

Same weakness: CWE-95

V. Comments for CVE-2025-71408

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